The Benthic Fauna in Four Small Southern Appalachian Streams

Woodall, W. Robert; Wallace, J. Bruce

doi:10.2307/2424364

Cited by 41 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Estimates of macroinvertebrate standing crops (Table 3) were calculated from data collected from Grady Branch, a small stream draining an undisturbed Coweeta watershed (WS 18, Woodall 1971, Woodall andWallace 1972). Estimates of macroinvertebrate standing crops (Table 3) were calculated from data collected from Grady Branch, a small stream draining an undisturbed Coweeta watershed (WS 18, Woodall 1971, Woodall andWallace 1972).…”

Section: Equations For Materials Flowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Benthic Macroinvertebrates in Detritus Dynamics of Streams: A Computer Simulation

Webster¹

1983

Ecological Monographs

100

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Detritus dynamics in Big Hurricane Branch, a second-order stream at Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory in the southern Appalachian Mountains, were simulated with a computer model, using data from a variety of Coweeta stream studies. The model was used to evaluate the role of macroinvertebrates in the stream. Macroinvertebrates accounted for only a small portion of the respiration of detritus; their major role was conversion of benthic detritus into transported detritus. Macroinvertebrates were responsible for 27% of annual particulate organic matter (POM) transport, though when they were removed there was only a 10% reduction in POM transport because of a compensatory increase in storm transport. The contribution of macroinvertebrates to POM transport during nonstorm periods was much more significant, as high as 83% in late summer.Based on an annual budget, macroinvertebrates decrease the efficiency of detritus processing in low-order streams, because they increase transport loss. On a longer time scale, however, macroinvertebrates prevent accumulation of large amounts of detritus in the stream and major losses during infrequent large storms. By stabilizing long-term detritus export dynamics, they provide an important link between low-order and higher-order streams.

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Section: Equations For Materials Flowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Benthic Macroinvertebrates in Detritus Dynamics of Streams: A Computer Simulation

Webster¹

1983

Ecological Monographs

100

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“…In an interbiome comparison study, other workers (Minshall et al ., 1983 ;Bott et al, 1985) showed that highest benthic densities occurred in the EDF biome (Michigan river sites) where the surrounding land use was principally urban and agricultural . Others (Woodall & Wallace, 1972 ;Molles, 1982) also have demonstrated a correspondence between some aspect of the macroinvertebrate community and vegetation type within drainage basins .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Spatial distributional patterns of macroinvertebrates along rivers within and among biomes

Corkum

1992

Hydrobiologia

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This study was designed to test the biome dependency hypothesis, which predicts that similar assemblages of macroinvertebrates occur along rivers both within and among drainage basins if the basins occupy the same biome . Benthic macroinvertebrates were collected from three drainage basins within each of three biomes in Canada, the eastern deciduous forests (EDF) of southwestern Ontario, the grasslands of south-central Alberta, and the montane coniferous forests (MCF) of southeastern British Columbia. A total of 225 benthic samples (3 biomes x 3 rivers/biome x 5 sites/river x 5 samples/site) was collected in spring using a cylinder sampler .The significant interaction effect between biome and a site's location along a river indicated that spatial patterns of variation in total density and taxonomic composition were not spatially consistent among sites along rivers or among biomes . Total macroinvertebrate densities were equivalent between the EDF and grassland sites . However, total density was substantially lower at the MCF sites than at sites in the other two biomes . The greatest differences in taxonomic composition occurred among biomes, although significant differences also occurred for all other sources of variation examined . Macroinvertebrate composition was more strongly associated with local, site-specific factors (riparian vegetation and land use) than with longitudinal gradients . Distinct site-specific taxonomic assemblages were evident in EDF, but not in the other two biomes where land use was more homogeneous .

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“…Alkalinity, hardness, and sulfate are normally low in Virginia Appalachia mountain streams (Woodall & Wallace, 1972;Herricks & Cairns, 1974). With the onset of surface mining, measurable alkalinity may be eliminated if acidic materials are exposed during land moving.…”

Section: Comparison Of Reclaimed Mine Streams To the Reference Streammentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of surface mine reclamation on headwater streams in Southwest Virginia

Matter

Ney

1981

Hydrobiologia

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Recovery of headwater streams following the cessation of mining and the application of terrestrial (vegetative) reclamation techniques was assessed by comparison of water quality and aquatic biota in two such systems (reclaimed four to seven years) with that of an unimpacted stream and of streams draining mine areas which were abandoned without reclamation. Alkalinity, hardness, sulfate, and conductivity were elevated in the reclaimed mine streams as were fine-particle suspended solids and sediment. Overall water quality was comparable to streams draining unreclaimed lands. Benthic invertebrate and fish populations were significantly lower in abundance in the reclaimed mine streams than in the reference stream and showed less taxonomic richness and stability; they were similar in these respects to the biota of the unreclaimed mine streams. Continued sedimentation from mined areas and haul roads affected stream habitat and appeared to be the major factor limiting biotic recovery. These findings emphasize that terrestrial reclamation does not assure lotic restoration. Water quality criteria merit consideration in the refinement of reclamation procedures for mined lands.

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The Benthic Fauna in Four Small Southern Appalachian Streams

Cited by 41 publications

References 17 publications

The Role of Benthic Macroinvertebrates in Detritus Dynamics of Streams: A Computer Simulation

The Role of Benthic Macroinvertebrates in Detritus Dynamics of Streams: A Computer Simulation

Spatial distributional patterns of macroinvertebrates along rivers within and among biomes

The impact of surface mine reclamation on headwater streams in Southwest Virginia

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