The best suitable alternative to diesel in a compression ignition engine between waste plastic oil and waste tire oil blends with diesel

Raj, Bodh; Jyothi, Y.; Kanasani, P.; Gangadhar, D. Siva

doi:10.1080/15567036.2019.1618985

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The product distribution according to the boiling point range illustrated that the distribution obtained at 400 °C mainly consisted of a long residue fraction due to the insufficient thermal decomposition of large hydrocarbon compounds of both SLO and LDPE into smaller hydrocarbon compounds that contained a large structure and were not suitable for catalytic pyrolysis through the porosity, acid strength, and active sites of the Cu-sFCC catalyst. , Therefore, the selectivity of smaller hydrocarbon compounds, e.g., naphtha-like, kerosene-like, and diesel-like fractions, was very low compared to those at other operating temperatures or almost not present.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This chemical reaction can be described as LDPE being thermally degraded into a radical, and further cracking via hydrogen transfer enhances the cracking reaction of the longchain hydrocarbon polymer into smaller hydrocarbon compounds coupled with the formation of hydrogen gas to promote hydrogenation to unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds. 13,20,32,36 The results confirmed that both LDPE and the catalyst cracked volatile vapor during the thermal decomposition of SLO under a small amount of hydrogen atmosphere, and the acid strength from metal modified to spent FCC at the active site of the catalyst favored the production of linear alkanes with carbon ranging from C 12 to C 18 . This might be due to the large hydrocarbon compounds from both SLO and LDPE that consisted of C 22 + hydrocarbon chains being degraded from the influence of high temperature to form radicals.…”

Section: Gc/ms Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The product distribution of hydrocarbons from the catalytic reaction consisted of several carbons ranging from C 1 to C 4 gaseous products, naphtha, kerosene, gas oil, diesel and carbonaceous hydrocarbon compounds, 25 revealing mainly the process conditions and several types of catalysts employed with pore structures, surface areas and acid active sites of the catalysts. 9,11,13,19,20,24 In addition, the presence of micropores limits the catalytic performance for bulky molecules, especially for the hydroconversion of large hydrocarbon compounds to naphtha-like fuels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Noble metal acid catalysts are highly expensive and need regeneration after the reaction, while it is necessary to investigate an inexpensive alternative active catalyst that has a long lifetime and good catalytic performance for the production of pyrolysis oil from SLO. − Therefore, many researchers have also focused on the product distribution and further treatment to improve the physicochemical properties and fuel quality, ,,,, including the copyrolysis of feedstocks with high H/C material, such as waste polymer and less oxygenate composition. ,− Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) can be co-fed with SLO, enhancing the role of LDPE and its synergy of both thermal decomposition and further catalytic reaction, resulting in shortened hydrocarbon molecules and conversion into desirable pyrolysis oils when compared with the pyrolysis oil obtained from the pyrolysis of individual SLO. ,− Furthermore, upgrading the coprocessing of SLO and LDPE is also a candidate process with some acid/basic heterogeneous catalysts to produce a diesel-like grade. In general, zeolites, especially fluid catalytic cracking catalysts (FCCs), are widely used as heterogeneous acid catalysts in oil refining industries − ,, due to their textural properties, microporosity, thermal stability and acidity, resulting in the conversion of crude oil into commercialized fuels and liquified petroleum gas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catalytic Copyrolysis of Used Waste Plastic and Lubricating Oil Using Cu-Modification of a Spent Fluid Catalytic Cracking Catalyst for Diesel-like Fuel Production

Charusiri,

Phowan,

Permpoonwiwat

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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This work provided catalytic copyrolysis of spent lubricating oil (SLO) with waste low-density polyethylene (LDPE) using copper modification of a spent fluid catalytic cracking (sFCC) catalyst to produce diesel-like fuels in a microbatch reactor, which will lead to effective waste management, ensure sustainability, and serve as an alternative energy source. The effects of LDPE blended with SLO, temperature, reaction time, and catalyst loading using an inert nitrogen atmosphere were investigated on the yields and distributions of copyrolyzed oil, while metal modification of the sFCC was prepared and used to investigate the catalytic activity. The temperature and time of reaction played an important role in the gaseous contribution to the pyrolysis of SLO. The addition of the LDPE ratio in the catalytic copyrolysis, including Cu loading on a spent FCC template, also enhanced the acidity and was responsible for the catalytic activity, which could improve the product distribution and chemical compounds in a range of diesel-like fuels. It was shown that the pyrolyzed oil was in the range of C7–C26 with a maximum diesel-like fraction of 23.11 ± 2.88 wt % compared with the catalytic pyrolysis of SLO alone, which contained a diesel-like fraction of only 12.45 ± 1.92 wt %. It was noticed that the acid active site of the catalyst resulted in a carbon–carbon bond cleavage and further secondary reaction, leading to the conversion of the long residue fraction into a light oil product. In addition, the LDPE ratio in the catalytic copyrolysis could improve the product distribution and chemical compounds in a range of diesel-like compounds, as confirmed by the GC/MS analysis. Catalytic copyrolysis oil of the optimal process condition (0.7:0.3 mass molar of SLO/LDPE, 450 °C, 60 min, 3 wt % Cu-sFCC, and 10 wt % catalyst loading) mainly contains light hydrocarbons in the C7–C19 range. Accordingly, both the product selectivity and the conversion of the long residue to the diesel-like fraction were nearly stable (59.01 ± 1.36%) during the catalyst reusability test from one to three cycles without regeneration and significantly decreased after the fifth cycle. This is an indication that the copyrolysis enhanced the conversion of SLO by LPDE blended into smaller hydrocarbon compounds, and the catalytic activity therefore showed a major tendency toward the formation of diesel-like fractions (C8–C18).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gc/ms Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catalytic Copyrolysis of Used Waste Plastic and Lubricating Oil Using Cu-Modification of a Spent Fluid Catalytic Cracking Catalyst for Diesel-like Fuel Production

Charusiri,

Phowan,

Permpoonwiwat

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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“…However, there are limited studies in the literature on the pyrolysis of waste tires and their use as an alternative fuel in internal combustion engines. [48][49][50][51] While the reasons for the use of biofuels in terms of ecological balance cannot be denied, when the literature is examined, it is clear that biofuels generally worsen engine performance due to low energy content, higher viscosity, poor atomization, and low calorific value. [52][53][54][55][56] This research aims to improve the poor properties of waste pyrolysis oil by separately blending both waste cooking oil and waste fusel oil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and emission behaviors of a CI engine fueled by waste feedstocks at varying compression ratios

Polat

2022

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E:

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The main objective of this study is to observe the effects of compression ratio (CR) variation on the engine performance and exhaust emission characteristics of a single-cylinder diesel engine fueled by waste fusel oil (F), waste cooking oil biodiesel (BD), and waste tire pyrolysis oil (P). For this purpose, Diesel RK software was used and the analyzes were performed at varying CRs of 18.3, 20.3, and 22.3. Analyzes were carried out at 2400 rpm constant engine speed, and varying engine loads (3, 6, 9, and 12 Nm). In the results, it is noticed that as the CR increased, BSFC (Brake Specific Fuel Consumption) value also increased for all test fuels. However, at low loads (3 and 6 Nm), the BSFC value decreased as the compression ratio increased after CR20.3. While the maximum BSFC value was obtained to be 560.55 g/kWh for P20 fuel at 3 Nm for CR20.3, the minimum one was achieved to be 46.76 g/kWh for neat diesel fuel at 12 Nm for 18.3. As the CR increased, the BTE (Brake thermal efficiency) value decreased for all test fuels at nearly all loads. However, at low loads (3 and 6 Nm), it is observed that the BTE improved as the CR increased after CR20.3. While maximum BTE was calculated to be 32.07% for P10F10 fuel at CR18.3 compression ratio at 12 Nm load, minimum one was achieved to be 15.36% for P20 at 3 Nm load for CR20.3. In addition, the NOx increased at all loads as CR increased for all test fuels. The maximum NOx value for P20 was recorded to be 1300 ppm at 12 Nm load and CR22.3. A minimum NOx was detected as 144. 56 ppm for P10F10 at 3 Nm, and CR18.3. In conclusion, the paper has proved that the experimental results are well-fitting with those of simulation software.

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An experimental investigation on the effects of magnesia and alumina nano additives on the exhaust emissions and performance of CI engine using spirulina microalgae biodiesel

Kumar

Thakur

Raj³

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The best suitable alternative to diesel in a compression ignition engine between waste plastic oil and waste tire oil blends with diesel

Cited by 18 publications

References 13 publications

Catalytic Copyrolysis of Used Waste Plastic and Lubricating Oil Using Cu-Modification of a Spent Fluid Catalytic Cracking Catalyst for Diesel-like Fuel Production

Catalytic Copyrolysis of Used Waste Plastic and Lubricating Oil Using Cu-Modification of a Spent Fluid Catalytic Cracking Catalyst for Diesel-like Fuel Production

Performance and emission behaviors of a CI engine fueled by waste feedstocks at varying compression ratios

An experimental investigation on the effects of magnesia and alumina nano additives on the exhaust emissions and performance of CI engine using spirulina microalgae biodiesel

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