The Biochemical Status of Robusta Coffee (Coffea canephora) Influenced by Organic and Integrated Nutrient Management Practices

Abstract

and Anders Ericsson, 1978). Shade grown coffee is known for best quality because of its uniform maturity of fruits due to soluble sugars in fruits. The sugars have positive correlations with better cup quality attributes and most desirable green bean physical characteristics. Meanwhile, the deficiency of carbohydrates in the coffee plant leads to

Energy Balance and Green House Gas Emisson on Smallholder Java Coffee Production at Slopes Ijen Raung Plateau of Indonesia

“…Liquid waste may also be used. Hareesh et al (2017) stated that 30 kg of coffee husks mixed with cow dung can produce 670 L of methane after 72 days and can be turned into briquettes by drying it and turning it into wine and then printing it. In order to reduce emissions, fuels should be replaced by biofuels.…”

“…Meanwhile in 2011, the mean coffee area amounted to 1,677,000 hectares, coffee with a production of 633,990 tons, exports 387,870 tons with a value of 1,198.9 million USD. Data from the Ministry of Environment of Indonesia (2012) shown that the growth average of coffee area increased by 0,25%; total production by 0.2%; export volume also increase by 13.31% and export value Coffee by 12.61% in period of year 2007 until 2010. This data also stated that in year 2012, total areas of coffee plantation reached 13,510 ha which spread-out across provinces of Aceh, North Sumatra, Bali, East Nusa Tenggara and South Sulawesi.…”