The biochemistry of humus formation

Whitehead, David; Tinsley, J.

doi:10.1002/jsfa.2740141201

Cited by 25 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Humic substances (HSs) are assemblage of high molecular weight natural polymers resulting from the decomposition of organic substances. HSs have reached a point of stability and resistant to microbial breakdown and hardly involves in microbial metabolism especially in anoxic habitats [1,2]. The presence of HSs in water introduces a yellowish to brown color.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of dissolved humic acid from water by coagulation method using polyaluminum chloride (PAC) with calcium carbonate as neutralizer and coagulant aid

Sudoh

Islam

Sazawa

et al. 2015

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering

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The increasing global competition within today's manufacturing industries is confronting organizations with interdisciplinary challenges that require intellectual expertise and innovative technological solutions in various knowledge areas. Research organizations and manufacturing companies can improve their overall performance by bundling expertise in collaborative innovation networks. For this purpose a systematic Benchmarking approach has been developed by Fraunhofer IPK to match the competencies and capacities within a pool of organizations in order to facilitate a sustainable cooperation in terms of resources, customers and R&D topics. Furthermore, a KPI-based identification of best performing network-partners allows an initiation of Best-Practice transfers to gain sustainable competitive advantages for the whole network. Based on a methodological approach, the identification of collaboration potentials and Best-Practices is supported by software tools that visualize the results in an understandable and applicable way.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of dissolved humic acid from water by coagulation method using polyaluminum chloride (PAC) with calcium carbonate as neutralizer and coagulant aid

Sudoh

Islam

Sazawa

et al. 2015

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering

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“…SOC is comprised of the historic accumulation of humus in the soil. Long-term storage of SOC occurs when humus reaches a point of stability and gains exceed losses (Whitehead and Tinsley, 2006). Variations in the SOC pool occur in different ecosystems because of differences in the rate of soil organic matter decay through microbial decomposition, temperature fluctuations, and precipitation amounts and frequencies (Pouyat et al, 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

Modeling Carbon Sequestration in Home Lawns

Zirkle¹,

Lal²,

Augustin³

2011

horts

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Soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration and the impact of carbon (C) cycling in urban soils are themes of increasing interest. A model was developed to investigate the potential of C sequestration in home lawns. The model contrasted gross C sequestered versus the hidden C costs (HCC) associated with typical lawn maintenance practices. The potential of SOC sequestration for U.S. home lawns was determined from SOC sequestration rates of turfgrass and grasslands. Net SOC sequestration in lawn soils was estimated using a simple mass balance model derived from typical homeowner lawn maintenance practices. The average SOC sequestration rate for U.S. lawns was 46.0 to 127.1 g C/m2/year. Additional C sequestration can result from biomass gains attributable to fertilizer and irrigation management. Hidden C costs are the amount of energy expended by typical lawn management practices in grams of carbon equivalents (CE)/m2/year and include practices including mowing, irrigating, fertilizing, and using pesticides. The net SOC sequestration rate was assessed by subtracting the HCC from gross SOC sequestration rate. Lawn maintenance practices ranged from low to high management. Low management with minimal input (MI) included mowing only, a net SOC sequestration rate of 25.4 to 114.2 g C/m2/year. The rate of SOC sequestration for do-it-yourself (DIY) management by homeowners was 80.6 to 183.0 g C/m2/year. High management, based on university and industry-standard best management recommendation practices (BMPs), had a net SOC sequestration rate of 51.7 to 204.3 g C/m2/year. Lawns can be a net sink for atmospheric CO2 under all three evaluated levels of management practices with a national technical potential ranging from 25.4 to 204.3 g C/m2/year.

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“…The remaining C contents in the final compost after the composting process could contribute to positive impacts on soil ( Figure 7 ). Despite the presence of several percentages of labile carbon in the constituents, a part of the compost may be converted to humus, which forms a stabilised sequestered carbon ( Whitehead and Tinsley, 1963 ). Furthermore, Hermann et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inventory and composting of yard waste in Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

Rahman

Sadi

Ahmad

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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Composting of yard waste is one of the waste management approaches in the Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI) in Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. The yard waste inventory was developed in the headquarters’ area and a pilot-scale study was performed on the potential compost product. The total amount of yard waste generated from June 2017 to December 2017 was 16.75 tonnes with an average generation of 0.60 tonnes per week on the dry weight (d.w.) basis. The collected yard waste consisted of three major characteristics, namely dry leaves, fresh green leaves, and grass cuttings, and a waste estimation technique was applied to determine the composition of these three elements. The acquired information was used to formulate the initial compost mixture. The wastes were then mixed with an appropriate amount of livestock manure and other wastes to obtain the optimum initial C/N ratio, which was then found in the analysis to range between 25:1 and 42:1. Meanwhile, the C/N ratios obtained from the matured compost product were from 10:1 and 15:1. Moreover, most of the compost yield ranged between 50% and 70% (w w −1 d.w. basis), while the percentage of the seed germination in the compost was over 95%. The viability of the project was indicated from the economic analysis, with benefit to cost ratio (BCR) values of more than 1. The results also suggested that the large scale composting of yard waste in MARDI was feasible and its applicability is continuous. This technique also fulfilled the objective of producing quality compost, which was suitable for agricultural use.

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The biochemistry of humus formation

Cited by 25 publications

References 42 publications

Removal of dissolved humic acid from water by coagulation method using polyaluminum chloride (PAC) with calcium carbonate as neutralizer and coagulant aid

Removal of dissolved humic acid from water by coagulation method using polyaluminum chloride (PAC) with calcium carbonate as neutralizer and coagulant aid

Modeling Carbon Sequestration in Home Lawns

Inventory and composting of yard waste in Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

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