The Biogenically Efficient Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using the Fungus Trichoderma harzianum and Their Antifungal Efficacy against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Sclerotium rolfsii

El-Ashmony, Ranya M.; Zaghloul, Nouf S. S.; Milošević, Marija; Mohany, Mohamed; Al-Rejaie, Salim S.; Abdallah, Yasmine; Galal, A. A.

doi:10.3390/jof8060597

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The effect of diverse NPs on the linear growth and reduction percentage of S. cepivorum provides insights into potential antifungal strategies [43]. The findings align with previous studies on the antifungal properties of nanoparticles.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Nanoparticles and Chemical Inducers: A Sustainable Shield against Onion White Rot

Elenany,

Atia,

Abbas

et al. 2024

Biology

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This study investigated the effectiveness of nanoparticles and chemical inducers in managing onion white rot caused by Sclerotium cepivorum. The pathogen severely threatens onion cultivation, resulting in significant yield losses and economic setbacks. Traditional fungicides, though effective, raise environmental concerns, prompting a shift toward eco-friendly alternatives. In this study, four S. cepivorum isolates were utilized, each exhibiting varying degrees of pathogenicity, with the third isolate from Abu-Hamad demonstrating the highest potency. During the in vitro studies, three nanoparticles (NPs) were investigated, including Fe3O4 NPs, Cu NPs, and ZnO NPs, which demonstrated the potential to inhibit mycelial growth, with salicylic acid and Fe3O4 NPs exhibiting synergistic effects. In vivo, these nanoparticles reduced the disease incidence and severity, with Fe3O4 NPs at 1000–1400 ppm resulting in 65.0–80.0% incidence and 80.0–90.0% severity. ZnO NPs had the most positive impact on the chlorophyll content, while Cu NPs had minimal effects. At 1000 ppm, Fe3O4 NPs had variable effects on the phenolic compounds (total: 6.28, free: 4.81, related: 2.59), while ZnO NPs caused minor fluctuations (total: 3.60, free: 1.82, related: 1.73). For the chemical inducers, salicylic acid reduced the disease (10.0% incidence, 25.0% to 10.0% severity) and promoted growth, and it elevated the chlorophyll values and enhanced the phenolic compounds in infected onions. Potassium phosphate dibasic (PDP) had mixed effects, and ascorbic acid showed limited efficacy toward disease reduction. However, PDP at 1400 ppm and ascorbic acid at 1000 ppm elevated the chlorophyll values and enhanced the phenolic compounds. Furthermore, this study extended to traditional fungicides, highlighting their inhibitory effects on S. cepivorum. This research provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of these approaches, emphasizing their potential in eco-friendly onion white rot management.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Nanoparticles and Chemical Inducers: A Sustainable Shield against Onion White Rot

Elenany,

Atia,

Abbas

et al. 2024

Biology

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“…Recent studies have demonstrated that AgNPs fabricated using pomegranate peel, Trichoderma harzianum , Grass waste, and strawberry waste were effective against A. solani , S. sclerotiorum, F. solani , and F. oxysporum , respectively ( Khatami et al, 2018 ; Khan et al, 2021 ; Mostafa et al, 2021 ; El-Ashmony et al, 2022 ). A. digitata based-FeONPs were effective against Alternaria sp, S. sclerotiorum, F. venenatum , and F. equiseti at ( P < 0.0001) except against Fusarium sp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bimetallic nanoparticles and biochar produced by Adansonia Digitata shell and their effect against tomato pathogenic fungi

Aldahasi,

Shami,

Mohammed

2024

PeerJ

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Adansonia digitata L. is a royal tree that is highly valued in Africa for its medicinal and nutritional properties. The objective of this study was to use its fruit shell extract to develop new, powerful mono and bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) and biochar (BC) using an eco-friendly approach. Silver (Ag), iron oxide (FeO), the bimetallic Ag-FeO NPs, as well as (BC) were fabricated by A. digitata fruit shell extract through a reduction process and biomass pyrolysis, respectively, and their activity against tomato pathogenic fungi Alternaria sp., Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Fusarium equiseti, and Fusarium venenatum were detected by agar dilution method. The Ag, FeO, Ag-FeONPs, and BC were characterized using a range of powerful analytical techniques such as ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier Transform-Infra Red (FT-IR), dynamic light scatter (DLS), and zeta potential analysis. The fabricated Ag, FeO and Ag-FeO NPs have demonstrated a remarkable level of effectiveness in combating fungal strains. UV–Vis spectra ofAg, FeO, Ag-FeONPs, and BC show broad exhibits peaks at 338, 352, 418, and 480 nm, respectively. The monometallic, bimetallic NPs, and biochar have indicated the presence in various forms mostly in Spherical-shaped. Their size varied from 102.3 to 183.5 nm and the corresponding FTIR spectra suggested that the specific organic functional groups from the plant extract played a significant role in the bio-reduction process. Ag and Ag-FeO NPs exhibited excellent antifungal activity against pathogenic fungi Alternaria sp., S. sclerotiorum, F. equiseti, and F. venenatum. The current study could be a significant achievement in the field of antifungal agents since has the potential to develop new approaches for treating fungal infections.

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“…To tackle these problem, efficient alternatives are being investigated & explored as use of biocontrol agent seems to be a hopeful approach. In addition to other biocontrol agents, Trichoderma harzianum has proved to be very effective in controlling plant pathogens (El-Ashmony et al, 2022). Various mechanisms have been evolved in Trichoderma spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning and Characterization of Trichoderma Glucanase Gene for Plant Transformation

2023

IJAB

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Trichoderma harzianum is a potential biocontrol agent. A number of mechanisms showing their mycoparasitic ability have been explored i.e., antibiotic production, production of hydrolytic enzymes, parasitism, competition for nutrients, defense mechanism stimulations, and combination of all these. Considering the importance of Trichoderma harzianum derived glucanases in mycoparasitism, the present research work was planned to identify, isolate and characterize pathogenesis-related β-1, 6-glucanases gene from local strain of mycoparasite for plant transformation. Trichoderma harzianum genomic DNA was isolated by using modified CTAB method. Particular restriction sites were engineered at the far ends of β-1, 6-glucanase gene by Polymerase Chain Reaction. The amplified glucanase gene with engineered sites was cloned into pTZ57R/T cloning vector. Cloned fragment was sequenced and the resultant sequence was analyzed by using various bioinformatics tools i.e., Blast, Restriction mapper. It was found to have more than 97% homology with glucanase sequences reported in literature. Then regulatory sequences were cloned at the far ends of characterized glucanase gene for the development of plant transformation vector.

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The Biogenically Efficient Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using the Fungus Trichoderma harzianum and Their Antifungal Efficacy against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Sclerotium rolfsii

Cited by 15 publications

References 31 publications

Nanoparticles and Chemical Inducers: A Sustainable Shield against Onion White Rot

Nanoparticles and Chemical Inducers: A Sustainable Shield against Onion White Rot

Bimetallic nanoparticles and biochar produced by Adansonia Digitata shell and their effect against tomato pathogenic fungi

Cloning and Characterization of Trichoderma Glucanase Gene for Plant Transformation

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