The Biology and Ecology of Black Corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia: Antipatharia)

Wagner, Daniel; Luck, Daniel; Toonen, Robert J.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-394282-1.00002-8

Cited by 132 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 172 publications

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“…This is due to taxonomic uncertainties within the Antipatharia, as well as the lack of historical surveys focusing on this taxonomic order. That said, some geographic locations have been relatively well surveyed for antipatharians, including the Gulf of Mexico, the Mediterranean and the Hawaiian Archipelago (reviewed by Wagner et al, 2012). In fact, antipatharian populations from the Hawaiian Islands are some of the best documented on the globe .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Collectively, these observations indicate that there are generalities in the physical habitat requirements of shallow-water (,150 m) antipatharians. Specifically, previous studies note that almost all black corals require hard substrates for attachment, and are often found in areas with strong currents and low-light levels (reviewed by Wagner et al, 2012). The principle of competitive exclusion predicts that for multiple species to coexist, they must be unique in terms of their microhabitat or use of resources (Gause, 1932;Hardin, 1960).…”

Section: Mapping Of Hawaiian Shallow-water Antipathariansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, data sets for these two variables are not available across the survey areas examined as part of this study, and consequently future studies will have to examine whether there are differences in these variables between the environmental ranges of black coral species. In relation to current flow regime, previous studies note that in areas where current direction is primarily uni-directional, fan-shaped antipatharians are common and oriented perpendicular to currents; an orientation that maximizes contact between feeding surfaces and suspended food (reviewed by Wagner et al, 2012). Future studies will need to examine whether black coral species specialize on exploiting particular microenvironments in terms of current direction and speed, but the observed morphological differences between the species examined as part of this study indicate that currents may be important in shaping their spatial distributions.…”

Section: Mapping Of Hawaiian Shallow-water Antipathariansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The order is characterized by: (1) a skeleton that is primarily proteinaceous and covered with minute skeletal spines; (2) polyps with six unbranched tentacles that are non-retractile; (3) six primary mesenteries; and (4) exclusively colonial organisms . Black corals occur worldwide in all oceans from polar to tropical regions, and have a wide depth distribution ranging from 2 m for tropical wire corals, down to abyssal depths of over 8600 m for species in the Western Pacific (reviewed by Wagner et al, 2012). Despite this wide bathymetric range, black corals are primarily found in deep waters below the photic zone, with over 75% of described species occurring below 50 m (Cairns, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite this wide bathymetric range, black corals are primarily found in deep waters below the photic zone, with over 75% of described species occurring below 50 m (Cairns, 2007). At these depths, black corals are often abundant and dominant components of the sessile invertebrate fauna, and create a habitat for a myriad of species and associates (reviewed by Wagner et al, 2012). However, because most species are found below the depth limits of conventional SCUBA diving, very little is known about the basic biology and ecology of black corals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The spatial distribution of shallow-water (<150 m) black corals (Cnidaria: Antipatharia) in the Hawaiian Archipelago

Wagner

2015

Mar. Biodivers. Rec.

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The Hawaiian Archipelago contains some of the best surveyed black coral populations on the globe; however, most previous surveys have grouped all black coral species into a single category. As a result, the unique ecological features of individual species have not been identified. This study mapped the spatial distribution of eight antipatharian species (Antipathes griggi, Antipathes grandis, Cirrhipathes cf. anguina, Stichopathes echinulata, Stichopathes? sp., Aphanipathes verticillata, Acanthopathes undulata and Myriopathes cf. ulex) found in shallow-waters (,150 m) along the Hawaiian Archipelago, and compared data on substrate type, depth and temperature among species. All black coral species were exclusively recorded on hard substrates and were generally widely distributed along the Hawaiian Islands. Additionally, antipatharian species were found at overlapping depths and temperatures, although there were significant differences in the mean depths and temperatures between most species. In cases where species did not have significant differences in mean depths, the overlapping species had different colony and polyp morphologies, which may serve to minimize competition by allowing species to grow most efficiently under particular current regimes. This study represents one of the first to map the spatial distribution of sympatric antipatharian species, and indicates that individual species exploit unique environments in terms of depth and temperature or have unique morphologies to avoid overlap.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mapping Of Hawaiian Shallow-water Antipathariansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mapping Of Hawaiian Shallow-water Antipathariansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The spatial distribution of shallow-water (<150 m) black corals (Cnidaria: Antipatharia) in the Hawaiian Archipelago

Wagner

2015

Mar. Biodivers. Rec.

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Benthic habitat modelling and mapping as a conservation tool for marine protected areas: A seamount in the western Mediterranean

Torriente

González-Irusta

Aguilar³

et al. 2019

Aquatic Conservation

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1. An ecologically representative, well-connected, and effectively managed system of marine protected areas (MPAs) has positive ecological and environmental effects as well as social and economic benefits. Although progress in expanding the coverage of MPAs has been made, the application of management tools has not yet been implemented in most of these areas.2. In this work, distribution models were applied to nine benthic habitats on a Mediterranean seamount within an MPA for conservation purposes. Benthic habitat occurrences were identified from 55 remotely operated vehicle (ROV) transects, at depths from 76 to 700 m, and data derived from multibeam bathymetry. Generalized additive models (GAMs) were applied to link the presence of each benthic habitat to local environmental proxies (depth, slope, backscatter, aspect, and bathymetric position index, BPI).3. The main environmental drivers of habitat distribution were depth, slope, and BPI.Based on this result, five different geomorphological areas were distinguished. A full coverage map indicating the potential benthic habitat distribution on the seamount was obtained to inform spatial management. The distribution of those habitats identified as vulnerable marine ecosystems (VMEs)was used to make recommendations on zonation for developing the management plan of the MPA. This process reveals itself as an appropriate methodological approach that can be developed in other areas of the Natura 2000 marine network.

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Predictive modelling of mesophotic habitats in the north‐western Gulf of Mexico

Sterne

Retchless

Allee

et al. 2020

Aquatic Conservation

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1. Effective management of marine resources requires an understanding of the spatial distribution of biologically important communities.2. The north-western Gulf of Mexico contains diverse marine ecosystems at a large range of depths and geographic settings. To better understand the distribution of these marine habitats across large geographic areas under consideration for marine sanctuary status, presence-only predictive modelling was used.3. Results confirmed that local geographic characteristics can accurately predict the probability of occurrence for marine habitat types, and include a novel technique for assigning a single, most likely habitat in areas where multiple habitats are

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The Biology and Ecology of Black Corals (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia: Antipatharia)

Cited by 132 publications

References 172 publications

The spatial distribution of shallow-water (<150 m) black corals (Cnidaria: Antipatharia) in the Hawaiian Archipelago

The spatial distribution of shallow-water (<150 m) black corals (Cnidaria: Antipatharia) in the Hawaiian Archipelago

Benthic habitat modelling and mapping as a conservation tool for marine protected areas: A seamount in the western Mediterranean

Predictive modelling of mesophotic habitats in the north‐western Gulf of Mexico

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