THE BIOLOGY OF CANADIAN WEEDS. 17. <i>Cyperus esculentus</i> L.

Mulligan, Gerald A.; Junkins, Bonny E.

doi:10.4141/cjps76-052

Cited by 56 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Given the preliminary evidence of intermediary growth habit of the Res biotype, detailed studies are necessary to establish the genetic relationship of the Res biotype with other nutsedges. Natural hybridization between yellow and purple nutsedge has not been reported (Mulligan and Junkins 1976), but there are cases of biotypes resulting from putative hybridization (Tayyar et al 2003). Additional phylogenetic studies on the Res biotype may shed new lights on its origin.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The influence of differential flowering habit on the population dynamics of the Res biotype needs to be understood. Although yellow nutsedge reproduces predominantly by tubers (Horak and Holt 1986;Mulligan and Junkins 1976), it is also likely that seed production plays a role in population establishment and spread (Thullen and Keeley 1979). Whether seed production, seed viability, and seedling establishment of the Res biotype differ from the Sus biotypes is not known and needs to be investigated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yellow nutsedge is one of the most problematic perennial weeds infesting agricultural and horticultural crops across the world (Bendixen and Nandihalli 1987;Holm et al 1977), including areas in mainland United States and Canada (Mulligan and Junkins 1976;Reed and Hughes 1970). In rice-soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The basal bulbs contain meristem for shoot, root, rhizome, and flower stalks (Jansen 1971). The rhizomes produced by the primary basal bulb (i.e., from mother tuber) may further differentiate into secondary basal bulbs and tubers (Mulligan and Junkins 1976).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, yellow nutsedge could be differentiated from purple nutsedge and other Cyperus species based on the presence of conspicuous scales on the rhizomes (Mulligan and Junkins 1976). Yellow nutsedge produces solitary tubers at the end of the rhizome (terminal tubers), whereas purple nutsedge produces chains of tubers along the rhizome.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acetolactate Synthase–Inhibitor–Resistant Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus): I—Phenotypic Differences

et al. 2015

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Acetolactate synthase (ALS) -inhibitor resistance has been recently documented in a yellow nutsedge biotype in Arkansas rice production, with a target-site mutation resulting in an amino acid substitution from Trp574 to Leu. Preliminary observations have indicated that the resistant biotype showed distinct phenotypic characteristics. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted on the resistant biotype in comparison with three susceptible standards (1) to understand differential growth habit and spatial distribution, and (2) to characterize shoot emergence pattern and seedling vigor. The resistant biotype exhibited a drastically different growth habit with secondary and tertiary basal bulbs emerging away from the parent shoot, resulting in a wider spatial distribution and ground coverage compared to the very compact growth habit of susceptible biotypes. Unlike the susceptible biotypes, the rhizomes developing into tubers were not often connected to the primary basal bulb, but were originating randomly from daughter shoots. The resistant biotype produced an extensive subterranean network of rhizomes and basal bulbs, with wider root spread and distribution compared to the susceptible biotypes. The growth habit of the resistant biotype appeared to be intermediate between yellow and purple nutsedges. Further, the resistant biotype showed a considerably delayed emergence pattern with relatively high levels of tuber dormancy. Although the resistant plants exhibited low early-growth seedling vigor and biomass production compared to the susceptible biotypes (perhaps because of smaller tubers), final aboveground biomass production was greater than that of susceptible biotypes. The overall growth habit and phenotype of the resistant biotype may provide a competitive advantage over adjacent species through the ability to occupy niches and gain improved access to critical resources. The distinct growth pattern may also mean that tillage should not be relied upon for control because it can assist further spread by disconnecting and displacing the chains of rhizomes. Nomenclature: Yellow nutsedge, Cyperus esculentus L.; purple nutsedge, Cyperus rotundus L.; rice, Oryza sativa L.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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