The Biomarker Salivary SP-D May Indicate Small Airway Inflammation and Asthma Exacerbation

Okazaki, Shintaro; Murai, Hiroki; Kidoguchi, S; Nomura, Eishi; Itoh, Naohiro; Hashimoto, Norikazu; Hamada, Toshihiko; Kawakita, Akiko; Yasutomi, Motoko; Ohshima, Yusei

doi:10.18176/jiaci.0174

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Recent studies have supported these initial observations and demonstrated that sputum SP-D is increased in severe asthma or severity of exacerbation ( 338 , 339 ), that serum SP-D increases stepwise in mild to moderate and severe disease, and correlates inversely with lung function and directly with small airway resistance ( 273 ). Mackay et al ( 19 ) demonstrated that serum SP-D was increased in severe asthma with mixed eosinophilic and neutrophilic inflammation and enriched for SP-D breakdown products.…”

Section: The Role Of Sp-d In Respiratory Diseasementioning

confidence: 86%

Surfactant Protein D in Respiratory and Non-Respiratory Diseases

2018

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Surfactant protein D (SP-D) is a multimeric collectin that is involved in innate immune defense and expressed in pulmonary, as well as non-pulmonary, epithelia. SP-D exerts antimicrobial effects and dampens inflammation through direct microbial interactions and modulation of host cell responses via a series of cellular receptors. However, low protein concentrations, genetic variation, biochemical modification, and proteolytic breakdown can induce decomposition of multimeric SP-D into low-molecular weight forms, which may induce pro-inflammatory SP-D signaling. Multimeric SP-D can decompose into trimeric SP-D, and this process, and total SP-D levels, are partly determined by variation within the SP-D gene, SFTPD. SP-D has been implicated in the development of respiratory diseases including respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, allergic asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Disease-induced breakdown or modifications of SP-D facilitate its systemic leakage from the lung, and circulatory SP-D is a promising biomarker for lung injury. Moreover, studies in preclinical animal models have demonstrated that local pulmonary treatment with recombinant SP-D is beneficial in these diseases. In recent years, SP-D has been shown to exert antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects in various non-pulmonary organs and to have effects on lipid metabolism and pro-inflammatory effects in vessel walls, which enhance the risk of atherosclerosis. A common SFTPD polymorphism is associated with atherosclerosis and diabetes, and SP-D has been associated with metabolic disorders because of its effects in the endothelium and adipocytes and its obesity-dampening properties. This review summarizes and discusses the reported genetic associations of SP-D with disease and the clinical utility of circulating SP-D for respiratory disease prognosis. Moreover, basic research on the mechanistic links between SP-D and respiratory, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases is summarized. Perspectives on the development of SP-D therapy are addressed.

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Section: The Role Of Sp-d In Respiratory Diseasementioning

confidence: 86%

Surfactant Protein D in Respiratory and Non-Respiratory Diseases

2018

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“…A strong correlation between symptom control and salivary levels of eotaxin, IL-5 and IL-8 was reported in both children and adults with asthma [ 38 ]. Another study assessed salivary surfactant protein D (SP-D) levels [ 66 ], known to be secreted from the salivary glands, as well as from type II alveolar epithelial cells and nonciliated Clara cells [ 67 ]. They observed that elevated SP-D may reflect asthmatic inflammation in peripheral small airways and the risk of losing asthma control.…”

Section: Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They observed that elevated SP-D may reflect asthmatic inflammation in peripheral small airways and the risk of losing asthma control. Authors indeed found a correlation of SP-D levels with both the increased resistance of peripheral airway measured with forced oscillation technique and the clinical severity of asthma exacerbations [ 66 ]. A recent comparative proteomic analysis between healthy and asthmatic groups, despite performed on small population sample, identified significant modifications in salivary proteins using gel-based quantitative proteomics.…”

Section: Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Predictive Role of Biomarkers and Genetics in Childhood Asthma Exacerbations

Palmo

Cantarelli

Catelli

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Asthma exacerbations are associated with significant childhood morbidity and mortality. Recurrent asthma attacks contribute to progressive loss of lung function and can sometimes be fatal or near-fatal, even in mild asthma. Exacerbation prevention becomes a primary target in the management of all asthmatic patients. Our work reviews current advances on exacerbation predictive factors, focusing on the role of non-invasive biomarkers and genetics in order to identify subjects at higher risk of asthma attacks. Easy-to-perform tests are necessary in children; therefore, interest has increased on samples like exhaled breath condensate, urine and saliva. The variability of biomarker levels suggests the use of seriate measurements and composite markers. Genetic predisposition to childhood asthma onset has been largely investigated. Recent studies highlighted the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms even on exacerbation susceptibility, through involvement of both intrinsic mechanisms and gene-environment interaction. The role of molecular and genetic aspects in exacerbation prediction supports an individual-shaped approach, in which follow-up planning and therapy optimization take into account not only the severity degree, but also the risk of recurrent exacerbations. Further efforts should be made to improve and validate the application of biomarkers and genomics in clinical settings.

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“…They found that salivary SP-D levels are increased in asthmatic children. They commented that salivary SP-D may reflect asthmatic inflammation in peripheral small airways and may be a useful marker for monitoring the degree of exacerbation in childhood asthma [ 121 ]. This is in contrast to earlier findings, in which SP-D levels in BAL fluids were lower in adults with severe asthma [ 122 ].…”

Section: Proteomics Approaches In Respiratory Allergymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Insights on the Impact of Proteomics in Respiratory Allergies

Vizuet-de-Rueda¹,

Montero-Vargas²,

Galván-Morales³

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Respiratory allergies affect humans worldwide, causing extensive morbidity and mortality. They include allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma, pollen food allergy syndrome (PFAS), aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), and nasal polyps (NPs). The study of respiratory allergic diseases requires new technologies for early and accurate diagnosis and treatment. Omics technologies provide the tools required to investigate DNA, RNA, proteins, and other molecular determinants. These technologies include genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. However, proteomics is one of the main approaches to studying allergic disorders’ pathophysiology. Proteins are used to indicate normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention. In this field, the principal goal of proteomics has been to discover new proteins and use them in precision medicine. Multiple technologies have been applied to proteomics, but that most used for identifying, quantifying, and profiling proteins is mass spectrometry (MS). Over the last few years, proteomics has enabled the establishment of several proteins for diagnosing and treating respiratory allergic diseases.

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The Biomarker Salivary SP-D May Indicate Small Airway Inflammation and Asthma Exacerbation

Cited by 10 publications

References 30 publications

Surfactant Protein D in Respiratory and Non-Respiratory Diseases

Surfactant Protein D in Respiratory and Non-Respiratory Diseases

The Predictive Role of Biomarkers and Genetics in Childhood Asthma Exacerbations

Current Insights on the Impact of Proteomics in Respiratory Allergies

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