The Biosynthesis of Kasugamycin, an Antibiotic against Rice Blast Disease, with Particular Reference to the Involvement of rpoZ, a Gene Encoding RNA Polymerase Omega Subunit

Kojima, Ikuo; Kasuga, Kano; Kobayashi, Masayuki; Tsuchiya, Kayoko; Ikeno, Souichi

doi:10.5188/ijsmer.14.28

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This decrease in expression appears to be mediated by reduced production of the KasT regulator, which is known to positively regulate kasugamycin production (Ikeno et al, 2002(Ikeno et al, , 2006. Interestingly, when kasT was expressed under the control of a different promoter (ermEp), it was transcribed at wild-type levels in the rpoZ mutant, and resulted in expression of the kasugamycinproducing operon (Kojima et al, 2002(Kojima et al, , 2006. Although the underlying mechanism for this regulation is not currently understood, these results do indicate that ω is capable of having promoterspecific transcriptional effects.…”

Section: The ω Subunit Of Gram-positive Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Small things considered: the small accessory subunits of RNA polymerase in Gram-positive bacteria

Weiss¹,

Shaw²

2015

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

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The DNA-dependent RNA polymerase core enzyme in Gram-positive bacteria consists of seven subunits. Whilst four of them (α2ββ(')) are essential, three smaller subunits, δ, ε and ω (∼9-21.5 kDa), are considered accessory. Both δ and ω have been viewed as integral components of RNAP for several decades; however, ε has only recently been described. Functionally these three small subunits carry out a variety of tasks, imparting important, supportive effects on the transcriptional process of Gram-positive bacteria. While ω is thought to have a wide range of roles, reaching from maintaining structural integrity of RNAP to σ factor recruitment, the only suggested function for ε thus far is in protecting cells from phage infection. The third subunit, δ, has been shown to have distinct influences in maintaining transcriptional specificity, and thus has a key role in cellular fitness. Collectively, all three accessory subunits, although dispensable under laboratory conditions, are often thought to be crucial for proper RNAP function. Herein we provide an overview of the available literature on each subunit, summarizing landmark findings that have deepened our understanding of these proteins and their function, and outline future challenges in understanding the role of these small subunits in the transcriptional process.

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Section: The ω Subunit Of Gram-positive Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Small things considered: the small accessory subunits of RNA polymerase in Gram-positive bacteria

Weiss¹,

Shaw²

2015

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

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“…Indeed, none of these studies have unraveled the molecular basis for alterations in mutant strains, meaning that the role of in Gram-positive species is still relatively elusive. Those effects that have been detailed for rpoZ mutants include alterations in cell wall morphology, cell motility, protein secretion, and biofilm formation (16,(26)(27)(28)(29). Importantly, the role of this subunit in the virulence of pathogenic species has yet to be evaluated.…”

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The ω Subunit Governs RNA Polymerase Stability and Transcriptional Specificity in Staphylococcus aureus

et al. 2017

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Staphylococcus aureus is a major human pathogen that causes infection in a wide variety of sites within the human body. Its ability to adapt to the human host and to produce a successful infection requires precise orchestration of gene expression. While DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RNAP) is generally well characterized, the roles of several small accessory subunits within the complex have yet to be fully explored. This is particularly true for the omega ( or RpoZ) subunit, which has been extensively studied in Gram-negative bacteria but largely neglected in Grampositive counterparts. In Escherichia coli, it has been shown that ppGpp binding, and thus control of the stringent response, is facilitated by . Interestingly, key residues that facilitate ppGpp binding by are not conserved in S. aureus, and consequently, survival under starvation conditions is unaffected by rpoZ deletion. Further to this, -lacking strains of S. aureus display structural changes in the RNAP complex, which result from increased degradation and misfolding of the ␤= subunit, alterations in ␦ and factor abundance, and a general dissociation of RNAP in the absence of . Through RNA sequencing analysis we detected a variety of transcriptional changes in the rpoZ-deficient strain, presumably as a response to the negative effects of depletion on the transcription machinery. These transcriptional changes translated to an impaired ability of the rpoZ mutant to resist stress and to fully form a biofilm. Collectively, our data underline, for the first time, the importance of for RNAP stability, function, and cellular physiology in S. aureus. IMPORTANCEIn order for bacteria to adjust to changing environments, such as within the host, the transcriptional process must be tightly controlled. Transcription is carried out by DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RNAP). In addition to its major subunits (␣ 2 ␤␤=) a fifth, smaller subunit, , is present in all forms of life. Although this small subunit is well studied in eukaryotes and Gram-negative bacteria, only limited information is available for Gram-positive and pathogenic species. In this study, we investigated the structural and functional importance of , revealing key roles in subunit folding/stability, complex assembly, and maintenance of transcriptional integrity. Collectively, our data underline, for the first time, the importance of for RNAP function and cellular harmony in S. aureus.KEYWORDS RNA polymerase subunit omega, RpoZ, Staphylococcus aureus, gene regulation T ranscription in all forms of life is a tightly controlled process, necessitated by the essentiality of correct temporal and spatial expression of genes for survival. All transcriptional activity within a cell is maintained by the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RNAP). This multiprotein complex is structurally and functionally similar in distant forms of life, displaying only minor variations in composition, e.g., the presence/ absence of certain subunits (1, 2). In bacteria RNAP consists of four main subunits, i.e.,

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Biosynthesis of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics

Kudo

2020

Comprehensive Natural Products III

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The Biosynthesis of Kasugamycin, an Antibiotic against Rice Blast Disease, with Particular Reference to the Involvement of rpoZ, a Gene Encoding RNA Polymerase Omega Subunit

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Small things considered: the small accessory subunits of RNA polymerase in Gram-positive bacteria

Small things considered: the small accessory subunits of RNA polymerase in Gram-positive bacteria

The ω Subunit Governs RNA Polymerase Stability and Transcriptional Specificity in Staphylococcus aureus

Biosynthesis of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics

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