The biosynthesis of plasmalogens by rat brain: Involvement of the microsomal electron transport system

Rl, Wykle; Jm, Schremmer Lockmiller

doi:10.1016/0005-2760(75)90015-6

Cited by 37 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The kidney was also the only organ in which the activity could be clearly detected using the substrate [II] rather than the lyso-substrate [I] (not shown). Because a strong age dependence had been reported for PEDS in rat brain ( 13 ), we measured the activity in the cerebellum and cerebrum of 7-day-old mice (two female, one male) and found activities of 0.70 ± 0.15 pmol mg −1 min −1 for cerebellum and 1.38 ± 0.11 pmol mg −1 min −1 for cerebrum (mean ± SEM, n = 3). We also measured plasmalogen levels in all examined tissues ( Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In our hands, however, the activity in both cerebrum and cerebellum from adult mice was below the detection limit. This may have been caused by the fact that we used tissues from adult animals, because the activity has been shown to be high in brains from newborn rats and then decline rapidly with age ( 13 ). We could indeed detect the activity in brains from 7-day-old mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A novel assay for the introduction of the vinyl ether double bond into plasmalogens using pyrene-labeled substrates

Werner

Keller

Sailer

et al. 2018

Journal of Lipid Research

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Plasmanylethanolamine desaturase (PEDS) (EC 1.14.99.19) introduces the 1-prime double bond into plasmalogens, one of the most abundant phospholipids in the human body. This labile membrane enzyme has not been purified and its coding sequence is unknown. Previous assays for this enzyme used radiolabeled substrates followed by multistep processing. We describe here a straight-forward method for the quantification of PEDS in enzyme incubation mixtures using pyrene-labeled substrates and reversed-phase HPLC with fluorescence detection. After stopping the reaction with hydrochloric acid in acetonitrile, the mixture was directly injected into the HPLC system without the need of lipid extraction. The substrate, 1-O-pyrenedecyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, and the lyso-substrate, 1-O-pyrenedecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine, were prepared from RAW-12 cells deficient in PEDS activity and were compared for their performance in the assay. Plasmalogen levels in mouse tissues and in cultured cells did not correlate with PEDS levels, indicating that the desaturase might not be the rate limiting step for plasmalogen biosynthesis. Among selected mouse organs, the highest activities were found in kidney and in spleen. Incubation of intact cultivated mammalian cells with 1-O-pyrenedecyl-sn-glycerol, extraction of lipids, and treatment with hydrochloric or acetic acid in acetonitrile allowed sensitive monitoring of PEDS activity in intact cells.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel assay for the introduction of the vinyl ether double bond into plasmalogens using pyrene-labeled substrates

Werner

Keller

Sailer

et al. 2018

Journal of Lipid Research

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“…In most tissues the O-alk-l-enyl linkage occurs primarily as an ethanolaminecontaining phospholipid (plasmanylethanolamine), although in heart tissue of some species the choline plasmalogens (plasmanylcholine) predominate [73]. Enzyme studies have shown that alk-1-enyl linkages in ethanolamine plasmalogens originate from the alkyl moieties of alkylacylglycerophosphoethanolamine via a mixed-function oxidase in tumours [74], intestinal mucosa [75] and brain [76,77].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The alkylacylglycerol product mimics the diacylglycerols in phospholipid biosynthesis since both of them serve as acceptors for the Mg2+-dependent transfer of the phosphobase groups of either CDP-choline or CDP-ethanolamine by a cholinephosphotransferase or an ethanolaminephosphotransferase [68]. Requirements for this reaction are molecular oxygen, NADH or NADPH, and cytochrome b5 [74][75][76][77][78]. In this respect, the alkyl desaturase is similar to, but not identical [79] with acyl-CoA desaturase [80,81], another mixed-function oxidase; both desaturases are cyanide sensitive.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet-activating factor: the biosynthetic and catabolic enzymes

Snyder

1995

Biochemical Journal

196

102

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“…Alkylacyl GPE is a precursor for synthesis of alkenylacyl GPG (Wykle and Lockmiller, 1975;Wykle and Schremmer, 1979), the EGP species enriched in myelin (Norton and Autilio, 1966;Horrocks, 1968). It is not surprising, therefore, that the alkylacyl fraction of oligodendroglial EGP is greater than the alkylacyl fraction of myelin EGP (Table 2).…”

Section: In Initial Experiments Incorporation Of [2-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oligodendroglial Glycerophospholipid Synthesis: Incorporation of Radioactive Precursors into Ethanolamine Glycerophospholipids by Calf Oligodendroglia Prepared by a Percoll Procedure and Maintained in Suspension Culture

Pleasure

Hardy

Johnson

et al. 1981

Journal of Neurochemistry

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Oligodendroglia prepared from minced calf cerebral white matter by trypsinization at pH 7.4, screening, and isosmotic Percoll (polyvinylpyrolidone-coated silica gel) density gradient centrifugation survived in culture on polylysine-coated glass, extending processes and maintaining phenotypic characteristics of oligodendroglia. In the present study, ethanolamine glycerophospholipid (EGP) metabolism of the freshly isolated cells was examined during short-term suspension culture by dual label time course and substrate concentration dependence experiments with [2-3H]glycerol and either [1,2-14C]ethanolamine or L-[U-14C]serine. Rates of incorporation of 3H from the glycerol and of 14C from the ethanolamine into EGP were constant for 14 h. In medium containing 3 mM-[1,2-14C]ethanolamine and 4.8 mM-[2-3H]glycerol, rates of incorporation of 14C and 3H into diacyl glycerophosphoethanolamine (diacyl GPE) were similar. Under the same conditions, 3H specific activities of alkylacyl GPE and alkenylacyl GPE were much lower than 14C specific activities, likely as a result of the loss of tritium during synthesis of these forms of EGP via dihydroxyacetone phosphate. L-[U-14C]serine was incorporated into serine glycerophospholipid (SGP) by base exchange rather than de novo synthesis. 14C from L-[U-14C]serine also appeared in EGP after an initial lag period of several hours. Methylation of oligodendroglial EGP to choline glycerophospholipid (CGP) was not detected.

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The biosynthesis of plasmalogens by rat brain: Involvement of the microsomal electron transport system

Cited by 37 publications

References 33 publications

A novel assay for the introduction of the vinyl ether double bond into plasmalogens using pyrene-labeled substrates

A novel assay for the introduction of the vinyl ether double bond into plasmalogens using pyrene-labeled substrates

Platelet-activating factor: the biosynthetic and catabolic enzymes

Oligodendroglial Glycerophospholipid Synthesis: Incorporation of Radioactive Precursors into Ethanolamine Glycerophospholipids by Calf Oligodendroglia Prepared by a Percoll Procedure and Maintained in Suspension Culture

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