Melvin Edwards DecidesMelvin Edwards scowls at the reader of Time magazine through a curtain of barbed wire (fig. 1). The caption reads, "Chains and barbed wire may not a prison make, but Melvin Edwards sort of hints that they do. Here he looks through his current work at Manhattan's Whitney Museum with an expression that suggests, on the whole, that he would rather be out than in." 2 It should have been a triumphant moment for the thirty-three-year-old sculptor. Before the exhibition, Melvin Edwards: Works (March 2-29, 1970), no African American sculptor had ever had a solo show at the prestigious museum. But Edwards does not look pleased.The photograph appeared in a special issue of Time called "Black America," published in 1970. In his preface, the magazine's publisher boasted, "This week, for the first time, the editors have devoted virtually the entire magazine to one overriding problem: the role of the black in America today." The cover featured a portrait of Jesse Jackson by Jacob Lawrence, and inside were such articles as "Desegregation Yes, Integration No" and "The Black Mood: More Militant, More Hopeful, More Determined." The portrait of Edwards accompanied the essay "Object Diversity," as part of a spread illustrating the split between two movements in "black art": "Flags and Chains" and "Shaped and Draped." 3 Exemplifying the former, two artists appear with representational works, iconic illustrations of racial difference. Malcolm Bailey poses with Hold (Separate but Equal), with a caption that reads, "The blueprint is that of a slave ship, and his proposition is deliberately two-edged: poor black and poor white alike are oppressed." To his right, David Hammons sits with Pray for America, an image of the "promise (and perhaps spoiled promise) inherent in the American flag." The layout makes these works instantly legible as political art, graphic depictions of well-known symbols (the diagram of a slave ship's hold, the flag). Much less legible are the "shaped and draped" works-Sam Gilliam's eccentric abstractions, "like nobody else's, black or white," and Richard Hunt's automobile assemblages, with the caption, "he considers the question of blackness irrelevant to his art." 4 If Time had reproduced these artworks alone, the reader would probablyThe war of an artist with his society is a lover's war, and he does, at his best, what lovers do, which is to reveal the beloved to himself and, with that revelation, to make freedom real. 1 -James Baldwin