The Black‐White Disparity in Preterm Birth: Race or Racism?

Braveman, Paula

doi:10.1111/1468-0009.12625

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 162 publications

(294 reference statements)

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“…Reverse causality is possible, however. Additionally, it is crucial to note that race as a variable (which cannot be experimentally manipulated) reflects unmeasured cultural experiences (e.g., racism; Braveman, 2022; Okamoto, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current health care experiences, medical trust, and COVID-19 vaccination intention and uptake in Black and White Americans.

Martin¹,

Stanton²,

Johnson³

2023

Health Psychology

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Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic spotlighted Black Americans' inequitable health care experiences. Across two studies, we tested the associations between health care experiences, historical knowledge of medical mistreatment, medical trust, and COVID-19 vaccination intention and uptake in Black and White Americans. We hypothesized that Black Americans' worse current health care experiences (rather than historical knowledge) and lower medical trust would be associated with lower COVID-19 vaccination intention (Study 1) and that feeling less cared for by their personal physician would be associated with Black Americans' lower medical trust (Study 2). Method: In convenience (Study 1, December 2020) and nationally representative samples (Study 2, March-April 2021), participants completed online surveys. Results: In Study 1 (N = 297), Black (relative to White) Americans reported lower vaccination intention (Cohen's d = À.55, p , .001) and lower medical trust (Cohen's d = À.72, p , .001). Additionally, less positive health care experiences among Black participants (Cohen's d = À.33, p = .022) were associated with less medical trust and in turn lower vaccination intention. Tuskegee Study knowledge was not associated with vaccination intention or medical trust. Study 2 (N = 12,757) data revealed no statistically significant racial differences in COVID-19 vaccination receipt or intention. Black (relative to White) Americans reported feeling less cared for by their personal physician (Cohen's d = À.44, p , .001), which was associated with lower medical trust (Cohen's d = À.51, p , .001). Conclusion: Findings highlight factors that may contribute to Black Americans' vaccination hesitancy and medical trust.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current health care experiences, medical trust, and COVID-19 vaccination intention and uptake in Black and White Americans.

Martin¹,

Stanton²,

Johnson³

2023

Health Psychology

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Exposure to phthalate metabolites, bisphenol A, and psychosocial stress mixtures and pregnancy outcomes in the Atlanta African American maternal-child cohort

Eatman

Dunlop

Barr

et al. 2023

Environmental Research

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Listening to Black Women's Perspectives of Birth Centers and Midwifery Care: Advocacy, Protection, and Empowerment

Anyiam,

Woo,

Spencer

2024

J Midwife Womens Health

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IntroductionBlack women in Texas experience high rates of adverse maternal outcomes that have been linked to health inequities and structural racism in the maternal care system. Birth centers and midwifery care are highlighted in the literature as contributing to improved perinatal care experiences and decreased adverse outcomes for Black women. However, compared with White women, Black women underuse birth centers and midwifery care. Black women's perceptions in Texas of birth center and midwifery care are underrepresented in research. Thus, this study aimed to highlight the views of Black women residing in Texas on birth centers and midwifery care to identify their needs and explore ways to increasing access to perinatal care.MethodsSemistructured interviews were conducted with 10 pregnant and postpartum Black women residing in Texas. Questions focused on the women's access, knowledge, and use of birth centers and midwifery care in the context of their lived maternal care experiences. Interview transcripts were reviewed and analyzed using inductive, qualitative content analysis.ResultsThe Black women interviewed all shared experiences of discrimination and bias while receiving obstetric care that affected their interest in and overall perceptions of birth center and midwifery care. Participants also discussed financial and institutional barriers that impacted their ease of access to birth center and midwifery care services. Additionally, participants highlighted the need for culturally sensitive and respectful perinatal health care.DiscussionThe Black women interviewed in this study emphasized the prevalence of racism and discrimination in perinatal health care encounters, a reflection consistent with current literature. Black women also expressed a desire to use birth centers and midwifery care but identified the barriers in Texas that impede access. Study findings highlight the need to address barriers to promote equitable perinatal health care access for Black women.

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The Black‐White Disparity in Preterm Birth: Race or Racism?

Cited by 3 publications

References 162 publications

Current health care experiences, medical trust, and COVID-19 vaccination intention and uptake in Black and White Americans.

Current health care experiences, medical trust, and COVID-19 vaccination intention and uptake in Black and White Americans.

Exposure to phthalate metabolites, bisphenol A, and psychosocial stress mixtures and pregnancy outcomes in the Atlanta African American maternal-child cohort

Listening to Black Women's Perspectives of Birth Centers and Midwifery Care: Advocacy, Protection, and Empowerment

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