The blood flow and oxygen consumption of the dying brain

Shalit, M. N.; Beller, A. J.; Feinsod, M.; Drapkin, Arnold; Cotev, Shamay

doi:10.1212/wnl.20.8.740

Cited by 51 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…In coma the cerebral oxygen uptake was reduced to below 2-0 ml./100 g/min, while the normal value for awake man is about 3-3 ml./100 g/min (Kety, 1949;Lassen, 1959). Shalit et al (1970) and Shalit et al (1972) studied cerebral blood flow (CBF) and arteriovenous oxygen difference, (a-v) 02 for obtaining the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2= (a-v) 02 X CBF x 1/100) in comatose neurosurgical patients. They found that patients who regained consciousness never had CMRO2 values below 1[4 ml./100 g/ min.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Cerebral blood flow and oxygen uptake, and cerebrospinal fluid biochemistry in severe coma

Brodersen

Jørgensen

1974

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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mentioning

confidence: 97%

Cerebral blood flow and oxygen uptake, and cerebrospinal fluid biochemistry in severe coma

Brodersen

Jørgensen

1974

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

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“…Gros et al (1969) described both lower extremity and upper extremity spinal reflexes in patients with cerebral circulatory arrest, confirmed by high pressure internal carotid arteriography. Other reports of preserved spinal reflexes in brain dead patients exist (Becket et al 1970, Shalit et al 1970. The partially preserved spinal cord function is explained by the preserved spinal cord circulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…In patients fulfilling the clinical and electroencephalographic criteria of brain death some studies of the cerebral circulation by tracer clearance methods have revealed low CBF values (Beset al 1969, Shalit et al 1970. However, such values probably do not represent brain flow, but contamination from extracranial circulation due to reflux of the tracer (Hadjidimos et al 1969).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical deterioration prior to brain death related to progressive intracranial hypertension

1973

Acta neurochir

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SummaryThe clinical course preceding brain death was observed in 62 patients by frequent clinical examinations; in 44 of them the intracranial pressure was recorded continuously. In 53 patients the diagnosis of brain death was confirmed by demonstration of cessation of the brain circulation using four-vessel cerebral angiography. Sudden and gradual deterioration was found as the intracranial pressure rose to the level of the arterial blood pressure. After arteriographic doeumentation of brain death spinal reflexes were present in 80 per cent of the patients.

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“…This evidence has been shown with angiography, 1 " 4 the radioisotope method 512 and the N 2 O method. 13 Since Satomura (I960) 14 developed an ultrasonic flowmeter based upon the Doppler effect, and Franklin (1961) 16 used it in blood flow measurement of animals, further progress in the instrumentation led to the development of a transcutaneous Doppler flowmeter by which blood flow velocity was able to be detected through the skin. Ultrasonic Doppler technique as a noninvasive method has been used for detecting carotid blood flow 1620 and has been applied to extracranial vascular diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

To-and-Fro Movement and External Escape of Carotid Arterial Blood in Brain Death Cases. A Doppler Ultrasonic Study

Yoneda

Nishimoto

Nukada

et al. 1974

Stroke

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Abstract:To • In brain death cases who showed nonfilling phenomena in the internal carotid angiograms, the blood flow velocity patterns of the common carotid arteries were characterized by involvement of a single systolic peak and a marked reverse flow component which had never been observed in healthy subjects.The individuality of each blood flow velocity pattern in the common, internal and external carotid arteries was made clear by placing the transducer in contact with the respective artery in a certain case. The Doppler signal from the internal carotid artery involving a signal from a reverse flow was slightly detectable, even if the blood pressure was elevated by norepinephrine infusion and the external carotid artery was temporarily compressed. The blood flow velocity pattern of the external carotid artery was similar to the pattern of the common carotid artery. The peculiar flow pattern indicates that a brain death case has a to-and-fro movement in the internal carotid blood flow and an external carotid escape of common carotid arterial blood.

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The blood flow and oxygen consumption of the dying brain

Cited by 51 publications

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Cerebral blood flow and oxygen uptake, and cerebrospinal fluid biochemistry in severe coma

Cerebral blood flow and oxygen uptake, and cerebrospinal fluid biochemistry in severe coma

Clinical deterioration prior to brain death related to progressive intracranial hypertension

To-and-Fro Movement and External Escape of Carotid Arterial Blood in Brain Death Cases. A Doppler Ultrasonic Study

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