The blood–testis barrier in experimental unilateral cryptorchidism

Stewart, R. J. C.; Boyd, S J; Brown, Simon; Toner, P. G.

doi:10.1002/path.1711600111

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Reported differences include a maintained blood-testis-barrier with cryptorchidism in rats as compared to a loss of the barrier in humans, fenestration of human testicular endothelial cells as compared to unfenestrated rat endothelial cells, and differential expression of occludin in the tight junctions between Sertoli cells in rats and humans. [20][21][22][23][24][25] While most of these differences lead one to believe penetration of NPs past the blood-testis-barrier would be greater in a human patient, if the mechanism relies upon occludin, the opposite may be true. The mechanism by which NPs cross the blood-testis-barrier has not been elucidated in this study and could be of further interest.…”

Section: A N U S C R I P Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical Targeting Improves Delivery of Unconjugated Nanoparticles to the Testicle

et al. 2015

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Section: A N U S C R I P Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical Targeting Improves Delivery of Unconjugated Nanoparticles to the Testicle

et al. 2015

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“…Although the etiology of this disease is unclear, genetic factors, environmental pollution, nutrition and lifestyle are the main causes of CPT. In the testes of patients with CPT, the integrity of the blood-testis-barrier is compromised due to high temperature [9]. Indeed, high scrotal temperature induces lipid peroxidation, overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreases antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase), leading to germ cells death and infertility [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rubus apetalus (Rosaceae) improves spermatozoa characteristics, antioxidant enzymes and fertility potential in unilateral cryptorchid rats

Munyali¹,

Momo²,

Fozin³

et al. 2020

Basic Clin. Androl.

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Background: Cryptorchidism (CPT) is an important cause of male infertility. Rubus apetalus is a medicinal plant with a powerful antioxidant potential. We investigated the effects of aqueous and methanolic extracts of R. apetalus on spermatozoa parameters, antioxidant enzymes and fertility potential of rats with experimental unilateral CPT. Method: Normal (n = 15), sham-operated (n = 15) and cryptorchid rats (n = 80; distributed into 16 groups of 5 rats/ group) were treated for 2, 4 or 8 weeks with either distilled water (10 ml/kg/day), vitamin E (75 mg/kg/day), aqueous or methanolic extract of R. apetalus (12 and 60 mg/kg). Sex organ weights, spermatozoa parameters, testicular proteins, sex hormones, fertility potential, morphometric characteristics of testis and oxidative stress markers were measured. Results: CPT significantly (p < 0.05-0.001) decreased testicular and epididymal weights, spermatozoa density, spermatozoa motility, spermatozoa normality, testicular proteins, LH, FSH and testosterone concentrations. In cryptorchid rats, peri-vascular fibrosis significantly increased (p < 0.001), while diameter of the seminiferous tube, germ cell thickness, gestation index and fertility index decreased when compared to control. Additionally, CPT induced oxidative stress by increasing lipid peroxidation and by reducing superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. These alterations were corrected by R. apetalus. For instance, a significantly increase (p < 0.05-0.001) in spermatozoa motility, normality, viability and density after 2, 4 and 8 weeks of treatment was noticed. R. apetalus also increased (p < 0.05-0.001) testicular proteins, gestation index (90-100%) and fertility index (90-100%), compared to the untreated cryptorchid rats. Conclusion: R. apetalus boosts fertility potential in cryptorchid rats and could be considered as a promising alternative agent for the management of infertility associated with CPT.

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“…Vasquez et al (6) demonstrated that the concentrations of follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and testosterone were associated with the sperm density of patients with unilateral cryptorchidism, and that damage to the contralateral testicular was caused by endocrine abnormalities. It is additionally believed that the blood-testis barrier in unilateral cryptorchidism could be the cause of autoimmune reactions or allergic orchitis, which could then cause contralateral testis damage (7,8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reductions in calcitonin gene-related peptide may be associated with the impairment of the contralateral testis in unilateral cryptorchidism

Zhu

Liu

Lin

et al. 2015

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the mechanism underlying the impairment of the contralateral testis in unilateral cryptorchidism in experimental rats using a molecular neurophysiological approach. Thirty-six male rats (21 days old) were divided into a cryptorchidism group, a cryptorchidism with division of the genitofemoral nerve (GFN) group and a control group (n=12/group). The distribution of the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) immunoreactive nerve fibers in the testes was studied using an immunohistochemistry technique. Germ cell apoptosis was detected using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl-transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling method. The concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the testis tissue was evaluated using a spectrophotometric determination method, and the ultrastructure of Sertoli cells was observed using transmission electron microscopy. It was found that, 100 days after the surgery, the concentration of CGRP in the cryptorchidism group was decreased significantly, whereas the levels of MDA and the number of apoptotic germ cells were increased significantly compared with the control group (P<0.01). Following the division of the GFN, the damaging effects were decreased (P<0.01). The impairment mechanism may therefore be associated with a reduction in the level of CGRP in the contralateral testis. The reflex decrease in CGRP may be caused by germ cell apoptosis, decreased blood flow and oxygen levels, and the increase in reactive oxygen free radicals and lipid peroxidation.

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The blood–testis barrier in experimental unilateral cryptorchidism

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

Anatomical Targeting Improves Delivery of Unconjugated Nanoparticles to the Testicle

Anatomical Targeting Improves Delivery of Unconjugated Nanoparticles to the Testicle

Rubus apetalus (Rosaceae) improves spermatozoa characteristics, antioxidant enzymes and fertility potential in unilateral cryptorchid rats

Reductions in calcitonin gene-related peptide may be associated with the impairment of the contralateral testis in unilateral cryptorchidism

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