The blue wavelengths in laser dentistry: a review of current literature

Background This study aimed to compare the intra and postoperative complications of frenectomy procedure with a surgical scalpel versus 445 nm and 980 nm diode lasers. Methods This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 174 patients requiring maxillary labial frenectomy. After completion of fixed orthodontic treatment and primary closure of maxillary diastema, the patients were randomly assigned into three groups (n = 58): group 1 (frenectomy via 445 nm diode laser, continuous-wave, 1.5 W), group 2 (frenectomy via 980 nm laser, continuous-wave, 1.7 W), and control group (V-Y plasty technique via scalpel). Intra-operative bleeding, discomfort in chewing and speaking, pain, and tissue healing were compared among the groups immediately, at 7 and 30 days postoperatively using the Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, and Chi-square tests. Results Pain scores were significantly lower in group 1 compared to group 2 (immediately and day 7, P < 0.05). Significant faster tissue healing at days 7 and 30 were observed in group 1 compared to group 2 (P < 0.05). Group 1 was superior to the control group regarding lower intraoperative bleeding, discomfort in chewing and speaking (immediately and day 7), lower pain (immediately and day 7), and tissue healing (day 7) (P < 0.05 for all). Group 2 was significantly superior to the control group in lower intraoperative bleeding, discomfort in chewing and speaking (immediately and day 7), and better tissue healing (day 7) (P < 0.05 for all). Conclusions In conclusion, diode laser frenectomy resulted in significantly lower intra and postoperative complications compared to the scalpel. Moreover, 445 nm diode laser showed significantly superior effects compared to 980 nm diode laser. Trial registration The study protocol was registered on 29.10.2022 at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (www.irct.ir) (registration number: IRCT20220630055326N1).

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Evaluating the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy in reducing local anesthesia injection pain in children

Alafandy,

Almourabet

2024

Preprint

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Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in reducing the pain of needle injection during local anesthesia in children. Materials and Methods Twenty cooperative healthy kids participated in this research; their ages were between 8-12 years old. In laser group (LG) LLLT diode laser (635 nm; continuous mode; 100 mW; 48.0 J/cm2) was applied buccally in one side of the mandibula or maxilla in contact with the soft tissue for 120 second. While in the contralateral side 20% Benzocaine Gel topical anesthetic was applied for the same time and this was the control group (CG). Then a short needle was inserted in each side and the pain was evaluated for each side separately using the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (PRS). Non-parametric analysis was applied and data were analyzed for statistical significance (p < 0.05). Results The total cases were twenty, (10 in the maxilla and 10 in the mandible). The "no pain" and "severe pain" rates in the PRS were 41.7% and 3.3% for the LG and 21.7% and 11.7% for the CG, respectively, during injection. The mean pain degree was 2.6 in CG while it was 1.2 in LG. Wilcoxon analysis revealed a statistically significant difference between LG and CG (P=0.001<0.05). While there was no significant difference in evaluating pain degree according to the order of technique, gender, place of injection, previous dental experiment, and behavior assessment in both methods. Conclusion Administration of LLLT diode laser (635 nm) can be considered for decreasing pain of injection in children and it is more effective than 20% Benzocaine topical anesthetic gel, regardless the order of technique, gender, place of injection, previous dental experiment, and behavior assessment.

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The blue wavelengths in laser dentistry: a review of current literature

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

The influence of different mode of power density during antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for photokilling of Streptococcus mutans

The influence of different mode of power density during antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for photokilling of Streptococcus mutans

Maxillary labial frenectomy: a randomized, controlled comparative study of two blue (445 nm) and infrared (980 nm) diode lasers versus surgical scalpel

Evaluating the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy in reducing local anesthesia injection pain in children

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