2015
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stv2484
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The BlueTides simulation: first galaxies and reionization

Abstract: We introduce the BlueTides simulation and report initial results for the luminosity functions of the first galaxies and AGN, and their contribution to reionization. BlueTides was run on the BlueWaters cluster at NCSA from z = 99 to z = 8.0 and includes 2×70403 particles in a 400 h −1 Mpc per side box, making it the largest hydrodynamic simulation ever performed at high redshift. BlueTides includes a pressureentropy formulation of smoothed particle hydrodynamics, gas cooling, star formation (including molecular… Show more

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Cited by 215 publications
(247 citation statements)
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“…The BlueTides simulation (see Feng et al 2015Feng et al , 2016) for a full description) was carried out using the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics code MP-Gadget with 2 × 7040 3 particles on the Blue Waters system at the National Centre for Supercomputing Applications. The simulation evolved a (400/h) 3 cMpc 3 cube to z = 8 by which time it contained approximately 200 million objects (of which 160,000 have stellar masses greater than 10 8 M ).…”
Section: Bluetides Simulationmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The BlueTides simulation (see Feng et al 2015Feng et al , 2016) for a full description) was carried out using the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics code MP-Gadget with 2 × 7040 3 particles on the Blue Waters system at the National Centre for Supercomputing Applications. The simulation evolved a (400/h) 3 cMpc 3 cube to z = 8 by which time it contained approximately 200 million objects (of which 160,000 have stellar masses greater than 10 8 M ).…”
Section: Bluetides Simulationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In Di Matteo et al (2012) we used the MassiveBlack simulation, a cosmological hydrodynamic simulation covering a volume (0.75 Gpc) 3 appropriate for studying the rare first quasars to show that steady high density cold gas flows responsible for assembling the first galaxies produce the high gas densities that lead to sustained critical accretion rates and hence rapid growth commensurate with the existence of ∼ 10 9 M black holes as early as z ∼ 7. Here we use our newest, higher resolution cosmological hydrodynamic simulation, BlueTides (Feng et al 2016(Feng et al , 2015Waters et al 2016a,b) (covering a volume of [0.5 Gpc] 3 ) which includes improved prescriptions for star formation, as well as black hole accretion and associated feedback processes. We focus on earlier times, searching for the conditions that allow rapid growth of the massive black holes beyond currently observed redshifts (z > 7).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The massive seed mass is frequently used to initialize massive haloes ( 10 6 − 10 12 M ) in hydrodynamic simulations (Springel et al 2005;Vogelsberger et al 2014;Schaye et al 2014;Feng et al 2016) while the ∼10 3 M seeds are also often adopted in semi-analytic models (Somerville et al 2008;Bonoli et al 2009). We note that this seed mass assumption only affects the black hole mass at early times and in the least massive galaxies.…”
Section: Black Hole Seed Massmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The simulation evolved a (400/h) 3 cMpc 3 cube to z = 8 and is the largest (in terms of memory usage) cosmological hydrodynamic simulations carried out. For a full description of the simulation physics see Feng et al (2015Feng et al ( , 2016.…”
Section: T H E B L U E T I D E S S I M U L At I O Nmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Wilkins et al 2011a;Robertson et al 2015;Bouwens et al 2015c, though see Madau & Haardt 2015;Feng et al 2016, for a discussion of the contribution of AGN). Fig.…”
Section: Ly M a N C O N T I N U U M P H Oto N P Ro D U C T I O Nmentioning
confidence: 99%