The brain activity of pain relief during hypnosis and placebo treatment

Kirjanen, Svetlana

doi:10.5334/jeps.at

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(101 reference statements)

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“…Historically, hypnosis has been a controversial topic, but advances in brain imaging techniques like functional MRI have shown it to involve neural activity patterns that distinguish it from simple suggestibility (Wagstaff, 2014), relaxation (Williams & Gruzelier, 2001), role-playing (Mende, 2009), or placebo (Kirjanen, 2012). Hypnosis is associated with lower global functional connectivity and reduced activity in anterior parts of the default-mode network (linked to processes such as task-independent thinking, episodic memory, semantic processing, and self-awareness; Deeley et al, 2012) and increased activity in prefrontal attentional systems (Oakley & Halligan, 2013).…”

Section: A Different View—hypnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

A hypnosis framing of therapeutic horticulture for mental health rehabilitation.

Stevens¹

2018

The Humanistic Psychologist

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This article shows how hypnosis can provide a useful framework for understanding therapeutic horticulture. Within this framework, data from in-depth interviews with 12 volunteers attending Cherry Tree Nursery—a sheltered work project for people with severe mental illness—provided conceptual groupings of reported experiences: rapport, induction, change in conscious state, relaxation, a safe place, therapeutic change via reframing and symbolic thinking, and confidence boosting. Natural environments and nature-based activities are thus contextualized as spaces and situations within which therapeutic change is more likely to occur. The concept of the restorative environment therefore becomes one component of the overall process—inducing a mental and physical state which is open to change, less egoistic, and socially oriented—but not in itself sufficient to bring about the effects described in the literature. Longer-lasting beneficial effects also require appropriate client-centered guidance, wherein the client creates an internalized environment which endures when they return to their everyday life. The described framework unifies previously disparate therapeutic domains and suggests more focus is needed on ‘induction’ processes, activities appropriate to the client’s mental state, and the settings within which any therapeutic process occurs. Furthermore, cases in which people do not benefit from being in natural environments may indicate incongruencies in concurrent guidance or merit the consideration of a new concept of “nature-susceptibility.”

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Section: A Different View—hypnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

A hypnosis framing of therapeutic horticulture for mental health rehabilitation.

Stevens¹

2018

The Humanistic Psychologist

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“…In addition, in a late processing stage common to both waking placebo and hypnotic placebo analgesia was the enhanced activity in the ACC. Research has shown that these cortical regions are part of a pain responsive network (i.e., somatosensory cortex, ACC, insula, perigenual cortex, pre-supplementary motor cortex, thalamus, and prefrontal cortex) [ 141 , 150 – 152 ] whose activity is modulated by the ongoing pain experience associated with hypnotic analgesia [ 20 , 32 , 33 , 58 , 153 , 154 ]. Thus, we think that regional differences in electro cortical activity, found between hypnotizability groups, reflect the higher pain/distress reduction reported by HH participants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have known, for a long time, that hypnotic analgesia is not a variant on placebo analgesia since highly hypnotizable individuals report feeling less pain during hypnosis than during placebo condition [ 19 ], suggesting that the effects of placebo and hypnosis analgesia are at least in part separate processes. A recent literature review on brain activity changes to placebo and hypnotic analgesia has highlighted similarities and differences between these two treatments [ 20 ]. First, these treatments produce similar changes in the activity of a number of brain regions labeled as pain network (i.e., somatosensory cortex, ACC, insula, thalamus, and prefrontal cortex).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypnotizability and Placebo Analgesia in Waking and Hypnosis as Modulators of Auditory Startle Responses in Healthy Women: An ERP Study

Pascalis

Scacchia

2016

PLoS ONE

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We evaluated the influence of hypnotizability, pain expectation, placebo analgesia in waking and hypnosis on tonic pain relief. We also investigated how placebo analgesia affects somatic responses (eye blink) and N100 and P200 waves of event-related potentials (ERPs) elicited by auditory startle probes. Although expectation plays an important role in placebo and hypnotic analgesia, the neural mechanisms underlying these treatments are still poorly understood. We used the cold cup test (CCT) to induce tonic pain in 53 healthy women. Placebo analgesia was initially produced by manipulation, in which the intensity of pain induced by the CCT was surreptitiously reduced after the administration of a sham analgesic cream. Participants were then tested in waking and hypnosis under three treatments: (1) resting (Baseline); (2) CCT-alone (Pain); and (3) CCT plus placebo cream for pain relief (Placebo). For each painful treatment, we assessed pain and distress ratings, eye blink responses, N100 and P200 amplitudes. We used LORETA analysis of N100 and P200 waves, as elicited by auditory startle, to identify cortical regions sensitive to pain reduction through placebo and hypnotic analgesia. Higher pain expectation was associated with higher pain reductions. In highly hypnotizable participants placebo treatment produced significant reductions of pain and distress perception in both waking and hypnosis condition. P200 wave, during placebo analgesia, was larger in the frontal left hemisphere while placebo analgesia, during hypnosis, involved the activity of the left hemisphere including the occipital region. These findings demonstrate that hypnosis and placebo analgesia are different processes of top-down regulation. Pain reduction was associated with larger EMG startle amplitudes, N100 and P200 responses, and enhanced activity within the frontal, parietal, and anterior and posterior cingulate gyres. LORETA results showed that placebo analgesia modulated pain-responsive areas known to reflect the ongoing pain experience.

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Hypnosis: The Most Effective Treatment You Have Yet to Prescribe

Kittle

Spiegel

2021

The American Journal of Medicine

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This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

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The brain activity of pain relief during hypnosis and placebo treatment

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

A hypnosis framing of therapeutic horticulture for mental health rehabilitation.

A hypnosis framing of therapeutic horticulture for mental health rehabilitation.

Hypnotizability and Placebo Analgesia in Waking and Hypnosis as Modulators of Auditory Startle Responses in Healthy Women: An ERP Study

Hypnosis: The Most Effective Treatment You Have Yet to Prescribe

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