The Brain of the Insectivora

Clark, W. E. Le Gros

doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1932.tb01574.x

Cited by 59 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It is possible that these two factors indicate primate tendencies since they are a distinct advancement over the Insectivores [Le G ros Clark, 1932],…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cerebellum of Galago and Tupaia I. Corpus cerebelli and Flocculonodular Lobe; pp. 395–414

Haines¹

1969

Brain Behav Evol

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“…It is possible that these two factors indicate primate tendencies since they are a distinct advancement over the Insectivores [Le G ros Clark, 1932],…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cerebellum of Galago and Tupaia I. Corpus cerebelli and Flocculonodular Lobe; pp. 395–414

Haines¹

1969

Brain Behav Evol

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“…Note that in tenrecine tenrecids the sagittal and transverse venous sinuses cover the midbrain on the endocranial cast ( fig. 2 g) but not on the membranous brain itself [Le Gros Clark, 1932;Bauchot and Stephan, 1967]. The floccular lobe of the cerebellum is developed in all Afroinsectivora.…”

Section: Macroscelidea and Tenrecoidea (Afroinsectivora)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If this is so, this sulcus should part the retrosplenial area (cingulate gyrus) from the visual area (lateral gyrus) on the dorsal aspect of the neocortex, as in Macroscelides and Elephantulus [Le Gros Clark, 1928]. Le Gros Clark [1932] briefly described the brain of Rhynchocyon but did not discuss the homology of these sulci. However, he mentioned that 13(1) 10 (1) 9(0) 7(0) 4 (01) 11 (1) 10 (01) 3 (1) 1(01) 10 (1) 1 (0) 13 (0) 6 (1) 18 (1) 162 the retrosplenial area is less developed in Rhynchocyoninae with respect to that of Macroscelidinae.…”

Section: Macroscelidea and Tenrecoidea (Afroinsectivora)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As in macroscelides the midbrain is exposed in Tenrecoidea (except Potamogale ). It consists of the posterior colliculi in both Tenrecidae and Chrysochloridae [Le Gros Clark, 1932;Bauchot and Stephan, 1967;Stephan and Bauchot, 1970]. Note that in tenrecine tenrecids the sagittal and transverse venous sinuses cover the midbrain on the endocranial cast ( fig.…”

Section: Macroscelidea and Tenrecoidea (Afroinsectivora)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Afroinsectiphilia show a wide range of brain morphologies. On one hand, the Tenrecoidea (Chrysochloridae, Tenrecidae) and some Macroscelididae (namely those belonging to the subfamily Macroscelidinae) typically display the so-called 'primitive' eutherian condition [Le Gros Clark, 1932;Edinger, 1948;Jerison, 1973;Nieuwenhuys et al, 1998]. On the other hand, Rhynchocyon (Macroscelididae, subfamily Rhynchocyoninae) and Orycteropus (Tubulidentata) have more advanced brain morphologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Memory Already like an Elephant's? The Advanced Brain Morphology of the Last Common Ancestor of Afrotheria (Mammalia)

et al. 2013

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Virtually reconstructed and natural endocranial casts are used in the study of brain evolution through geological time. We here present work investigating the paleoneurological evolution of afrotherian mammals. Using microCT-generated endocasts we show that, with the exception of the subfamilies Macroscelidinae and Tenrecoidea, most Afroinsectiphilia display a more or less gyrencephalic and ventrally expanded neopallium, two derived features that are unexpected for these insectivore-grade afrotherians. This implies that the endocranial cast morphology at the root of the afrotherian clade may have been more advanced than previously thought. The reconstructed endocranial morphology of the Afrotheria's last common ancestor reaches the level of complexity of some early Cenozoic archaic ungulates. Our result gives support to the hypothesis of an ungulate-like ancestral body plan for Afrotheria. It also implies that the a priori ‘primitive' suite of traits evident in the brain of Afroinsectivora, especially in the tenrecs, may have been secondarily acquired. Implications on the overestimation of the divergence age of Afrotheria are discussed.

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A shrew-sized origin for primates

Gebo

2004

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

120

118

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The origin of primates has had a long history of discussion and debate, with few ever considering the impact of the original body weight on subsequent primate adaptive radiations. Here, I attempt to reconstruct early primate evolution by considering the initial size of primates as well as the critical functional-adaptive events that had to occur prior to the early Eocene. Microcebus is often viewed as a living model, and thus 40 -65 g might represent a practical ancestral weight for the origin of primates. I consider a smaller original body weight, likely 10 -15 g in actual size, and I address the biological implications for shrew-sized primates by comparing the behavioral ecology of mouse lemurs, our smallest living primates, to another tiny-sized mammalian group, the shrews (Family Soricidae). Several behavioral and ecological characteristics are shared by shrews and mouse lemurs, and several mammalian trends are evident with decreased size. I suggest that a shrew-sized ancestral primate would have had high metabolic, reproductive, and predation rates, relatively low population densities, and a dispersed and solitary existence with a promiscuous mating system. Although small mammals like shrews provide insights concerning the ancestral size of primates, primate origins have always been tied to arboreality. I assess other potential arboreal models such as Ptilocercus and Caluromys. By combining all of this information, I try to sequence the events in a functional-adaptive series that had to occur before the early Eocene primate radiations. I suggest that all of these important adaptive events had to occur at a small body size below 50 g. Yrbk Phys Anthropol 47: 40 -62, 2004. © 2004 Our attempts to understand the origin of primates have had a long history, with central themes of arboreality, small branches, and the visually based predation of insects (

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The Brain of the Insectivora

Cited by 59 publications

References 9 publications

The Cerebellum of Galago and Tupaia I. Corpus cerebelli and Flocculonodular Lobe; pp. 395–414

The Cerebellum of Galago and Tupaia I. Corpus cerebelli and Flocculonodular Lobe; pp. 395–414

A Memory Already like an Elephant's? The Advanced Brain Morphology of the Last Common Ancestor of Afrotheria (Mammalia)

A shrew-sized origin for primates

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