The breakdown of British Coal Measure rocks

Taylor, R. K.; Spears, D. A.

doi:10.1016/0148-9062(70)90002-1

Cited by 100 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Terzaghi and Peck (1967) attributed the slaking of soils to the compression of entrapped air, and this mechanism has been used by many workers to explain the slaking of clay shales (e.g. Taylor and Spears 1970). The air pressures developed depend on the capillary pressures, which themselves are related to the A --surface tension of water and the pore radius ([I]).…”

Section: Compression Of Entrapped Pore Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

The behaviour of clay shales in water

Seedsman¹

1986

Can. Geotech. J.

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A set of clay shales associated with coal measure strata has been examined to determine the mechanisms that lead to slaking on immersion in water. The two main mechanisms for the slaking of small unconfined samples are (a) compression of entrapped air and (b) osmotic swelling of expansive clay minerals if the dominant exchangeable cation is sodium. In the absence of osmotic swelling, pore-air compression can induce slaking in clay shales of bulk densities less than 2.27 Mg/m3. Osmotic swelling of clay shales occurs in samples with bulk densities less than about 2.45Mg/m3, but slaking by this mechanism occurs only for samples with densities less than 2.34 Mg/m3. Dispersion of clay from clay shales develops only after slaking commences, and the extent of dispersion depends on the nature of the interparticle bonds.Un assortiment de schistes argileux associks aux strates de gisement houiller a CtC examine pour dCterminer les mCcanismes qui conduisent au reldchement lors de leur immersion dans l'eau. Les deux principaux mtcanismes de reldchement de petits Cchantillons sont (a) la compression de I'air emprisonnk et (b) le gonflement osmotique des minCraux argileux si le cation tchangeable dominant est le sodium. En I'absence de gonflement osmotique, la compression de l'air dans les pores peut induire du reldchement dans les schites argileux de masses volumiques inferieures a 2,27 Mg/m3. Le gonflement osmotique des schistes argileux se produit dans les ichantillons ayant des masses volumiques infkrieures k environ 2,45 Mg/m3, mais le rellchement par ce mecanisme se produit seulement dans des Cchantillons ayant des masses de moins de 2,34 Mg/m3. La dispersion de l'argile des schistes se produit seulement aprks que le reldchement ait cornrnencC, et son importance depend de la nature des liens entre les particules.Mots clb: schistes argileux, argiles roches de gisement houiller, reldchement, dispersion, porosity, densite.[Traduit par la revue]Can. Geotech. J. 23, 18-22 (1986)

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Section: Compression Of Entrapped Pore Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

The behaviour of clay shales in water

Seedsman¹

1986

Can. Geotech. J.

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“…Hence, in the time scale of civil engineering works or mining, the most important chemical weathering processes are • oxidation of sulphide minerals (Taylor and Spears, 1981;Taylor and Cripps, 1987;Taylor, 1988;Franklin and Dusseault, 1989); • dissolution of cements including calcite possibly leading to debonding (Taylor and Spears, 1970;Taylor and Cripps, 1987); • hydration and other water dependent effects -such as clay mineral and anhydrite hydration; ionic sorption; ion exchange; osmosis; water adsorption through changes in relative moisture content (Taylor, 1988 Schmitt et al (1994), Brattli and Broch (1995), Chenevert and Amanullah (1996) and Santos et al (1996), in their studies of shale behavior, emphasize the influence of natural moisture content over what they call disintegration. Santos et al (1996) concluded that shales subjected to air drying are extremely reactive when exposed to water and whereas, if the moisture content of samples is maintained close to its natural moisture content, the reactivity is low.…”

Section: Chemical Decompositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of the durability of some shales, mudrocks and siltstones from Brazil

2005

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In spite of the considerable area covered by argillaceous sedimentary rocks (comprising shales, mudrocks and siltstones) in Brazil and the number of engineering works associated with these materials, little is known about their geotechnical, physical, chemical, mineralogical and textural characteristics and the effects of weathering processes on them. This work presents results obtained in a research project aiming primarily at identifying degradation processes responsible for the weathering of some of these rocks in Brazil. The rocks under investigation come from two different parts of the country, each one related to a specific engineering problem and to different geoenvironments. The project involved a comprehensive laboratory testing program for basic characterization (chemical and mineralogical composition, index properties, etc.) and evaluation of durability characteristics of these rocks. The present paper describes the testing program carried out and discusses the results obtained.

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“…It was concluded by Taylor and Spears (1970) that intraparticle swelling of mixed-layer clay during periods of saturation followed by desiccation in the near surface zone was a major control on the breakdown of Coal Measures mudrocks which contained significant amounts of expandable mixed-layer clay. Furthermore the exchangable sodium ion was most abundant in those mudrocks which underwent the greatest breakdown.…”

Section: Slaking and Swelling Of Mudrocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of weathering and discontinuities on the behaviour of rock masses

Bell¹

1992

Engineering in Rock Masses

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The breakdown of British Coal Measure rocks

Cited by 100 publications

References 12 publications

The behaviour of clay shales in water

The behaviour of clay shales in water

A study of the durability of some shales, mudrocks and siltstones from Brazil

Influence of weathering and discontinuities on the behaviour of rock masses

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