The brittle-ductile transition in porous rock: A review

Wong, Teng-fong; Baud, Patrick

doi:10.1016/j.jsg.2012.07.010

Cited by 496 publications

(381 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…They showed less dependence when the P c exceeded 200, 100, and 20 MPa, respectively. Our HCP sample had high, 18% initial porosity, and exhibit pulverization at higher P c s of 100 and 400 MPa, similarly to porous rocks subjected to high P c s (Wong and Baud 2012). So, phenomenology resonates definitely.…”

Section: Confining Pressure Dependence During Ductile Deformationmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…The squeezing and crease indicate shortening of the sample in the radial and axial directions, respectively. The horizontal crease may have been caused by a local compaction band, which is reported for HC , porous sandstone (Wong and Baud 2012), and so on, all under very high P c s. In Fig. 13, the porosity decreased drastically in the 400 MPa case compared with the 100 MPa case.…”

Section: Macroscopic Fracture Patternmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…13, the porosity decreased drastically in the 400 MPa case compared with the 100 MPa case. In porous rock, a sudden volume decrease due to the collapse of pores at certain very high pressures was reported (Curran and Carroll 1979;Wong and Baud 2012). In HCP, sudden pore collapse might take place between P c = 100 and 400 MPa and this collapse could be one of the reasons for the pulverization shown in Fig.…”

Section: Macroscopic Fracture Patternmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Mechanical Behavior of Cement Paste and Alterations of Hydrates under High-Pressure Triaxial Testing

Sakai

Nakatani

Takeuchi

et al. 2016

ACT

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High confining pressure works on concrete under various conditions such as concrete structures deep underground/sea, the lower floors of an extremely tall building and on the foundation concrete piles of an enormous structure such as dam. Understanding the performance of concrete and the deformation mechanism under high confining pressure is important for avoiding unexpected risks and for rationalization of design. A high-pressure triaxial test was conducted on cement paste to understand the mechanism of mechanical performance of concrete under a high confining pressure. The deviatoric stress-axial strain relationship of cement paste was independent of confining pressure during ductile deformation under confining pressures greater than 30 MPa. Ion-milled cross-sections of specimens were examined by scanning electron microscopy, and the obtained backscattered electron images were darker after the test. This darkening may indicate the alteration of hydrates at the molecular level caused by deformation involving crystal plasticity. Furthermore, the pore volume of the sample tested at 400 MPa was drastically reduced.

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Section: Confining Pressure Dependence During Ductile Deformationmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Macroscopic Fracture Patternmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Macroscopic Fracture Patternmentioning

confidence: 92%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mechanical Behavior of Cement Paste and Alterations of Hydrates under High-Pressure Triaxial Testing

Sakai

Nakatani

Takeuchi

et al. 2016

ACT

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“…Field examples described in eolian sandstones display compaction bands that selectively form in specific high-porosity and coarse-grained layers [35,36]. Sandstones and sands of different composition, sorting, and porosity have been tested through laboratory experiments over the last decades and reviewed by Wong and Baud [37]. These tests confirm the importance of textural parameters, such as porosity and grain size, on the strength of sandstone [38,39] and sand [40].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Sand Textural Control on Shear-Enhanced Compaction Band Development in Poorly-Lithified Sandstone

Skurtveit¹,

Ballas²,

Fossen³

et al. 2014

JGRE

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Sand textural control on SECB (shear-enhanced compaction band) formation is analyzed combining field observations, detailed material characterization and mechanical testing for poorly lithified sandstone units in Provence (France). Field observations show that SECBs are densely distributed in a coarse-grained unit with moderate porosity (27%), whereas few SECBs are developed within the overlying fine-grained, high-porosity (39%) unit. Results from textural characterization show that the main difference between the two sand units is grain size and sorting, whereas they are similar with respect to composition and grain angularity. Packing density is introduced as an important parameter for comparing the compaction properties independent of the textural variations between the two units. Compaction experiments show a slightly faster compaction of the coarse-grained sand as compared to the fine-grained sand, and more pronounced grain crushing is observed in the coarse-grained unit. The results indicate that the preferential localization of SECBs to the coarse-grained unit is controlled by a slightly denser packing of the coarse-grained material at the time of band formation together with higher stress concentrations on grain contacts. Hence, this study emphasizes that porosity alone is an insufficient parameter for predicting deformation band evolution in sand (stone).

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“…Wong and Baud, 2012). High porosity fosters ductile behaviour in response to an applied differential stress, whereas dilatant brittle behaviour is anticipated in low-porosity materials.…”

Section: A Limit To Compaction and Permeability Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inelastic compaction and permeability evolution in volcanic rock

2017

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Abstract. Active volcanoes are mechanically dynamic environments, and edifice-forming material may often be subjected to significant amounts of stress and strain. It is understood that porous volcanic rock can compact inelastically under a wide range of in situ conditions. In this contribution, we explore the evolution of porosity and permeability -critical properties influencing the style and magnitude of volcanic activity -as a function of inelastic compaction of porous andesite under triaxial conditions. Progressive axial strain accumulation is associated with progressive porosity loss. The efficiency of compaction was found to be related to the effective confining pressure under which deformation occurred: at higher effective pressure, more porosity was lost for any given amount of axial strain. Permeability evolution is more complex, with small amounts of stress-induced compaction ( < 0.05, i.e. less than 5 % reduction in sample length) yielding an increase in permeability under all effective pressures tested, occasionally by almost 1 order of magnitude. This phenomenon is considered here to be the result of improved connectivity of formerly isolated porosity during triaxial loading. This effect is then overshadowed by a decrease in permeability with further inelastic strain accumulation, especially notable at high axial strains (> 0.20) where samples may undergo a reduction in permeability by 2 orders of magnitude relative to their initial values. A physical limit to compaction is discussed, which we suggest is echoed in a limit to the potential for permeability reduction in compacting volcanic rock. Compiled literature data illustrate that at high axial strain (both in the brittle and ductile regimes), porosity φ and permeability k tend to converge towards intermediate values (i.e. 0.10 ≤ φ ≤ 0.20; 10 −14 ≤ k ≤10 −13 m 2 ). These results are discussed in light of their potential ramifications for impacting edifice outgassing -and in turn, eruptive activity -in active volcanoes.

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The brittle-ductile transition in porous rock: A review

Cited by 496 publications

References 137 publications

Mechanical Behavior of Cement Paste and Alterations of Hydrates under High-Pressure Triaxial Testing

Mechanical Behavior of Cement Paste and Alterations of Hydrates under High-Pressure Triaxial Testing

Sand Textural Control on Shear-Enhanced Compaction Band Development in Poorly-Lithified Sandstone

Inelastic compaction and permeability evolution in volcanic rock

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