“…The concept of firm performance have been measured differently as asset size, profit, employees size, branches, sales volume (Bicudo de Castro, 2017), competitiveness (Egwakhe et al, 2019), age, value-added, and cross border experience, with less conventional ones around attitudinal and behavioral gauges (Egwakhe et al, 2022;Modugu, 2017;Soliman, 2013). In this study, the authors considered performance within the purview of financial and non-financial indicators (profit, assets, age, and international exposure).…”