The bryozoan dispersion into the Mediterranean margin of Gondwana during the pre-glacial Late Ordovician

Jiménez-Sánchez, Andrea; Villas, Enrique

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.11.027

Cited by 27 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…First, using the a priori knowledge of the palaeogeographical positions of each palaeocontinent in the Late Ordovician (Fortey & Cocks 2003, Jiménez-Sánchez & Villas 2010, the total sample was divided into two subsamples: a cold-water subsample (Mediterranean province) and a warm-water subsample (Avalonia region and Baltic and Laurentia-Siberian provinces). It is important to remember here that all of the genera selected for this study contain both cold-and warm-water species.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, their temperature-related distribution has changed since the Palaeozoic, when they were most abundant on tropical platforms, compared with today, where their abundance is greater in higher latitudes (Taylor & Allison 1998, Taylor & Sendino 2010. Notwithstanding the prevalence of bryozoans on tropical platforms in the Palaeozoic, during the Late Ordovician (455-445 Ma), they were one of the most abundant invertebrate groups, together with brachiopods and echinoderms, on the North Gondwana platforms, located during this time at high latitudes, between 40°and 60°S (Jiménez-Sánchez & Villas 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…During the Late Ordovician a total of 68 bryozoan genera are known to have colonised the cold carbonate platforms of the Mediterranean province (Cocks & Torsvik 2006, Jiménez-Sánchez & Villas 2010; 22 of these genera were endemic to this province while 46 were also present on tropical and equatorial carbonate platforms (Jiménez-Sánchez & Villas 2010). Study of the cosmopolitan genera offers the possibility of ascertaining if and how these genera were able to adapt morphologically, chemically and mineralogically to life across such a wide range of temperatures.…”

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Palaeogeographical patterns in Late Ordovician bryozoan morphology as proxies for temperature

Jiménez-Sánchez¹,

Taylor²,

Gomez³

2013

Bull. Geosci.

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Several studies have revealed temperature-related patterns in recent bryozoans, both in the chemical composition of the skeleton and in the morphological characters of the colonies, but comparable studies on Palaeozoic bryozoans are lacking. In this paper a statistical analysis of the morphological differences is undertaken between congeneric species of some Ordovician bryozoans from warm-and cold-water settings. For this study ten eurythermic cosmopolitan bryozoan genera from the Upper Ordovician were selected from the Mediterranean, Avalonia, Baltic and Laurentia-Siberian provinces. These genera are: Ceramopora and Ceramoporella (Cystoporata); Diplotrypa, Eridotrypa, Hallopora, Heterotrypa, Monticulipora and Trematopora (Trepostomata); Graptodictya (Cryptostomata); and Kukersella (Cyclostomata). The study involved 154 samples belonging to 104 different species. Twenty-eight morphological characters were measured, although only 21 were used in the final statistical analysis. Univariate (t, F, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Mann-Whitney tests), multivariate discriminant and multivariate ordination (Principal Coordinates, Principal Components, Correspondence, and Detrended Correspondence) analyses were performed on the data. For the univariate and multivariate discriminant analyses, the total set of samples was divided a priori into cold-and warm-water subsets based on palaeolatitude: samples from the Mediterranean province were attributed to the cold-water subset, whereas samples from Avalonia, Baltic and the Laurentian-Siberian provinces were included in the warm-water subset. For the multivariate ordination analysis no a priori grouping by water temperature was imposed, and the aim of these analyses was to test whether different samples were correctly arranged along a water temperature gradient. The univariate statistical analysis showed that there are clear morphological differences between cold-and warm-water species in six of the ten Late Ordovician bryozoan genera analysed in this study, although these differences are only evident for some of the characters used, and only when the analysis is performed on individual genera. The best characters to differentiate species by water temperature are those related to the size of the zooidal polymorphs, especially the diameters of the autozooecia, mesozooecia and exilazooecia. With the exception of one genus (Trematopora), cold-water species have larger zooids. The discriminant analysis was able to classify correctly as warm-or cold-water 100% of the samples for two genera, slightly below 95% for two other genera, and between 67% and 90% for the remaining six genera. Finally, the multivariate ordination analysis was able to separate species by palaeogeographical province in some genera, but these provinces were not correctly arranged along a palaeolatitudinal gradient using any of the methods used. • Key words: bryozoans, cosmopolitan genera, latitudinal adaptations, univariate and multivariate statistical analysis.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Palaeogeographical patterns in Late Ordovician bryozoan morphology as proxies for temperature

Jiménez-Sánchez¹,

Taylor²,

Gomez³

2013

Bull. Geosci.

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“…The Furuberget Formation faunas are completely different from those in the overlying unit (the Mjøsa Formation) and only one genus is shared (Eridotrypa) (Ernst & Nakrem, in press). The biogeography of Late Ordovician bryozoans has been discussed in Ross (1985), Tuckey (1990), Anstey et al (2003), Jiménez-Sánchez (2009), Kácha & Šarič (2009), Jiménez-Sánchez & Villas (2010, Taylor & Sendino (2010) and briefly in Ernst & Nakrem (in press). On species level the Furuberget Formation bryozoan fauna resembles very much time equivalent units in the Baltic province, as well as North American (Laurentian) faunas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All species are new additions for the Norwegian Ordovician to the bryozoan database used by e.g. Anstey et al (2003) and Jiménez-Sánchez & Villas (2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Ordovician (Sandbian) bryozoans and their depositional environment, Furuberget Formation, Mjøsa District, Oslo Region, Norway

Ernst¹,

Nakrem²

2011

Bull. Geosci.

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2020

Bryozoan Paleobiology

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The bryozoan dispersion into the Mediterranean margin of Gondwana during the pre-glacial Late Ordovician

Cited by 27 publications

References 28 publications

Palaeogeographical patterns in Late Ordovician bryozoan morphology as proxies for temperature

Palaeogeographical patterns in Late Ordovician bryozoan morphology as proxies for temperature

Late Ordovician (Sandbian) bryozoans and their depositional environment, Furuberget Formation, Mjøsa District, Oslo Region, Norway

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