The burden of blindness and visual impairment according to age and gender: A case study of Emohua local government area, Nigeria

Onua, AA; Tobin-West, Charles; Ojule, Inumanye N.

doi:10.4103/0795-3038.189458

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…This likely reflects the visual needs of this age group. More women presented in both the upland and riverine areas than the men, though this was not statistically significant and a similar trend was reported in the study carried out by Ani et al and Onua et al in upland communities [5,7]. This could be due to the fact that women being economically disadvantaged as compared to their male counterparts would be more likely to take up free ophthalmic consultations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…Cataract was significantly higher in the Riverine than in the upland, p=0.029. Omoni in her series while analyzing the different occupations reported that cataract was higher in the fishing folk than the other occupations and postulated the constant exposure to weather elements such as ultraviolet rays as being a risk factor [7,15]. The same factors could be adduced to explain our findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

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Comparative Analysis of Ocular Morbidity in Riverine and Upland Communities in Rivers State, Nigeria

Awoyesuku

Fiebai

2020

IJTDH

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Aims/Objective: A community- based cross-section all comparative study was carried out to compare the pattern of ocular morbidity between residents in upland and riverine communities in Rivers State. Methods: The sample size was calculated using the formula for comparative studies, based on alpha of 0.05, beta of 0.20, the proportion of eye disorder of 40.4% from a community-based study in Rivers State. A minimum sample size of 84 per group was attained. Data on age, sex, visual acuity, cup-disc ratio, intra-ocular diagnosis were obtained using an interviewer-based pro forma. Collected data were entered into Microsoft Excel and exported to the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Epi Info version 7 software for statistical analysis. The Pearson's Chi square/Fisher's exact tests were used as appropriate to determine significant differences in demographic and eye examination findings between the two groups (riverine versus upland) while Chi-square homogeneity was performed to determine significant differences in the individual ocular diagnosis across the groups. Statistical significance was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: A total of eighty-six (86) participants per group were involved in the study, making a total of one hundred and seventy-two participants. The mean age was 37.9 (±18.1) and age range of 1-90 years. Males comprised 30.2% of the sample population while females were 69.8%. The commonest causes of ocular morbidity in both communities were Refractive error. Allergic conjunctivitis and cataract were more common in the Riverine community compared to the upland one. Conclusion: Our study shows that the pattern of ocular morbidity may differ based on land surfaces. Ocular morbidity appears to be more prevalent in Riverine areas than upland. Government interventions and eye care service providers should take cognizance of this while planning intervention programs at the State and National levels.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Comparative Analysis of Ocular Morbidity in Riverine and Upland Communities in Rivers State, Nigeria

Awoyesuku

Fiebai

2020

IJTDH

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“…Similarly The leading causes of visual impairment, low vision and blindness vary across the world, ranging from age-related macular degeneration, refractive errors like high myopia, cataract, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, retinal detachment, retinitis pigmentosa, retinopathy of prematurity, optic nerve diseases like optic atrophy, hereditary, macular degeneration (Stargardt's disease), albinism, strabismic amblyopia, nystagmus to brain damage of any etiology [19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Low Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Etiological Factors and Management of Low Vision in a Tertiary Health Institution in Niger-Delta, Nigeria - A 5-Year Review

AA¹,

GF²

2021

Act Sci Oph

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Methodology: A retrospective review of clinical records from the low vision clinic of UPTH from 2014 till 2018. Data extraction: Data on low vision pathologies including the demographics of patients seen from 2014 to 2018 were obtained from the low vision clinic register and entered into Microsoft Excel sheet. Data analysis: Data from Microsoft Excel sheet were exported to Statistical Package for Social Sciences version (SPSS) version 25 for statistical analysis. Relevant data were presented in tables and charts. Statistical significance was performed using Chi square and statistical significance was set at p≤0.05. Results: A total of 108 patients with various low vision problems were seen during a 5-year period at the Low Vision Clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital spanning from 2014 to 2018. The commonest causes of low vision were Glaucoma (35.2%), Oculocutaneous Albinism (18%) and Degenerative Myopia (8%). The Mean age of the patients was 41.4 ± 22.5; with a range of 2 to 81 years. Male to Female ratio was 1:1.8. Conclusion:Glaucoma, Oculocutaneous Albinism and Degenerative Myopia were the predominant causes of low vision. Telescopes and spectacle magnifiers were the most commonly prescribed devices used to ameliorate their vision impairment.

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Comparison of autorefractor with focometer in patients with refractive errors attending Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria - A cross sectional survey

Amusan

Musa

Aribaba

et al. 2021

Journal of Clinical Sciences

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Background: Uncorrected refractive error is the most common cause of visual impairment globally. Yet, there is paucity of refractionists in rural areas of most developing countries. Thus, there is a need for a cost effective but accurate method of refraction that could be used by rural health workers with minimal training. To compare refractive error measurements of autorefractor with that of focometer with a view to determining the accuracy and reliability of focometer. Methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional study conducted among patients with refractive errors attending the Guinness Eye Centre Clinic, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria. Consecutively consenting patients who met the eligibility criteria were recruited until the sample size was attained. All participants had a standardized protocol examination including visual acuity assessment and ocular examination. Refractive error was measured using the autorefractor, focometer and subjective refraction in both eyes of each participant. Comparison was done based on the means of variables of autorefractor, subjective refraction and focometer measurements using the paired-sample t-tests, Pearson's correlation and linear regression. Agreement between the measurements was investigated using the Bland-Altman analysis and reliability of the repeated measurements tested with Cronbach's alpha. The analysis was considered statistically significant when the P < 0.05. Results: Four hundred eyes of 200 patients were analyzed in this study. The mean age of respondents was 45.1 ± 16.3yrs and the male:female ratio was 1: 2.1. There was a statistically significant difference between the mean spherical (P < 0.001) and cylindrical (P < 0.001) readings of the focometer and autorefractor. However, the mean difference between the spherical equivalent of focometer and that of the autorefractor was not statistically significant (P = 0.66). Pearson correlation coefficient was high for the compared methods of refraction as both the bivariate linear regression between the autorefractor and focometer, and that between the subjective refraction and focometer showed good linearity. Bland-Altman plot showed good agreement between the mean focometer measurements with both the autorefractor (mean difference = +0.02 ± 0.85 DS; mean difference ± 1.96 standard deviation [SD] = 1.69 to − 1.65 DS) and subjective refractive (mean difference = +0.06 ± 0.72 DS; mean difference ± 1.96 SD = 1.49 to − 1.36 DS) measurements. Cronbach's alpha showed good reliability of focometer and autorefractor repeated measurements. Conclusion: This study showed a good correlation and agreement between focometer and autorefractor. Hence, focometer could be used for refraction in low resource settings where locals could be trained in its use.

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The burden of blindness and visual impairment according to age and gender: A case study of Emohua local government area, Nigeria

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Comparative Analysis of Ocular Morbidity in Riverine and Upland Communities in Rivers State, Nigeria

Comparative Analysis of Ocular Morbidity in Riverine and Upland Communities in Rivers State, Nigeria

Etiological Factors and Management of Low Vision in a Tertiary Health Institution in Niger-Delta, Nigeria - A 5-Year Review

Comparison of autorefractor with focometer in patients with refractive errors attending Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria - A cross sectional survey

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