The burden of liver cirrhosis and underlying etiologies: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Lan, Yan; Wang, Hao; Weng, Haoda; Xu, Xianbin; Yu, Xia; Tu, Huilan; Gong, Kai; Yao, Junjie; Ye, Shaoheng; Shi, Yu; Sheng, Jifang

doi:10.1097/hc9.0000000000000026

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Our finding that East Asia continues to have the highest rate of HBV–related cirrhosis globally is consistent with the study by Lan et al. [ 17 ]. This is mainly due to the large number of hepatitis B patients in China, where about 30% of cirrhosis cases in 2019 were HBV–related [ 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Global burden of liver cirrhosis 1990–2019 and 20 years forecast: results from the global burden of disease study 2019

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Annals of Medicine

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Background Cirrhosis is a disease that imposes a heavy burden worldwide, but its incidence varies widely by region. Therefore, we analysed data on the incidence and mortality of cirrhosis in 204 countries and territories from 1990–2019 and projected the disease development from 2019–2039. Methods Data on the incidence and mortality of liver cirrhosis from 1990 to 2019 were acquired from the public Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. In addition, the average annual percentage change (AAPC) and estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) of the age-standardized rate (ASR) of cirrhosis in different regions were calculated. The estimates of risk factor exposure were summarized, and the proportion of causes and risk factors of liver cirrhosis and their relationship with the human development index (HDI) and socio–demographic index (SDI) were analysed. Trends in the incidence of cirrhosis in 2019–2039 were predicted using Nordpred and BAPC models. Results Globally, the ASR of cirrhosis incidence decreased by 0.05% per year from 25.7/100,000 in 1990 to 25.3/100,000 in 2019. The mortality risk associated with cirrhosis is notably lower in females than in males (13 per 100,000 vs 25 per 100,000). The leading cause of cirrhosis shifted from hepatitis B to C. Globally, alcohol use increased by 14%. In line, alcohol use contributed to 49.3% of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and 48.4% of global deaths from liver cirrhosis. Countries with a low ASR in 1990 experienced a faster increase in cirrhosis, whereas in 2019, the opposite was observed. In countries with high SDI, the ASR of cirrhosis is generally lower. Finally, projections indicate that the number and incidence of cirrhosis will persistently rise from 2019–2039. Conclusions Cirrhosis poses an increasing health burden. Given the changing etiology, there is an imperative to strengthen the prevention of hepatitis C and alcohol consumption, to achieve early reduce the incidence of cirrhosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Global burden of liver cirrhosis 1990–2019 and 20 years forecast: results from the global burden of disease study 2019

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Annals of Medicine

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“…The ICD-10 codes for AHC are B17.1-B17.11, B18.2, and B19.2-B19.21. For the etiological determination of liver cirrhosis, a systematic literature review and various adjusting models were used to split cirrhosis incidence into speci c causes: hepatitis B, hepatitis C, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcohol-related liver diseases, and others (10). DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool, was used to pool the incidence of AHC and HCV-related cirrhosis and generate age-sex-location-year-speci c estimates.…”

Section: Study Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Acute Hepatitis C and HCV-related Cirrhosis in Reproductive-Age Women, 1990-2019: A Global Burden of Disease Study

Zou,

Yue,

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background & Aims: Considering the risk of vertical transmission and the adverse perinatal outcomes associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, women of reproductive age warrant prioritization in HCV prevention efforts. This study aims to examine the global incidence and temporal trends of acute hepatitis C (AHC) and HCV-related cirrhosis among women of reproductive age (15-49 years) from 1990 to 2019. Methods:Leveraging the Global Burden of Disease 2019 data, we calculated age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) and assessed temporal trends via the average annual percent change (AAPC) from joinpoint regression. The age-period-cohort (APC) model was employed for a further understanding of the age, period, and birth cohort effects. Results: Over the 30-year period, global incidences of AHC and HCV-related cirrhosis in reproductive-age women increased by 46.45% and 72.74%, respectively. The ASIR of AHC was highest in low socio-demographic index (SDI) regions but showed a declining trend. Conversely, the ASIR of HCV-related cirrhosis displayed unfavorable trends in low, low-middle, and high SDI regions. Special attention is necessary for Sub-Saharan Africa, High-income North America, Eastern Europe, and Central Asia due to their high incidence rates or increasing trends of AHC and HCV-related cirrhosis. Notably, the APC model suggests a recent resurgence in both AHC and HCV-related cirrhosis risk. Conclusions: Despite advancements in HCV treatment, HCV infection remains a health burden in reproductive-age women. This study provides an in-depth understanding of the epidemiology of AHC and HCV-related cirrhosis in this demographic, facilitating the development of targeted prevention and treatment strategies.

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“…This GBD database covers the most comprehensive information on diseases, risks, deaths, and disabilities related to diseases and is constantly updating the data. Through the Global Health Data Exchange query tool, 2 we extracted the incidence, prevalence, and DALYs of 204 countries, five areas divided by the SDI, and 21 regions divided by different geographical regions. The population and disease burden estimation methodology has been previously described (10).…”

Section: Data Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Liver cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases is a serious public health problem, and its incidence, morbidity, and mortality have increased in recent years (1). In 2019, 1691.0 million cases and 1.5 million deaths from liver cirrhosis were reported worldwide, accounting for 2.4% of global deaths (2). Moreover, liver cirrhosis is one of the top 20 causes of reduced disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), accounting for 1.6 and 2.1% of the global burden (3), respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The burden of cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases due to hepatitis B in children and adolescents: results from global burden of disease study 2019

Huang,

Wu,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundThe global burden of cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases due to hepatitis B (collectively referred to as hepatitis B-associated cirrhosis in this paper) in children and adolescents must be understood and investigated.MethodsData were extracted from the GBD database, and calculations were performed at global, regional, and national level. We calculate the incidence, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and annual average percentage changes (AAPCs).FindingsGlobally, the prevalent cases of children and adolescents with hepatitis B-associated cirrhosis decreased from 125,053.98 × 10^3 in 1990 to 46,400.33 × 10^3 in 2019. Compared with 1990, the incidence rate of cirrhosis increased in low (95.51%) and low-middle SDI areas (26.47%), whereas it decreased in other SDI areas. The AAPC of incidence has increased in low-middle SDI areas (AAPC 0.12 [95% CI: 0.04–0.20]). At the regional level, the East Asia region has experienced the largest reduction. Conversely, Western Sub-Saharan Africa was the most serious region. Notably, South Asia was the only region where the AAPC of cirrhosis incidence (AAPC 0.77 [95% CI, 0.68–0.86]) increased.ConclusionGlobally, the overall burden of hepatitis B-associated cirrhosis in children and adolescents has declined significantly, but the number of cirrhosis incidence cases in low-middle and low-SDI areas has increased. The incidence in South Asia is rising, and the burden on Africa remains serious. Prevention and treatment of hepatitis B-associated cirrhosis in children and adolescents should not be ignored.

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The burden of liver cirrhosis and underlying etiologies: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Cited by 30 publications

References 34 publications

Global burden of liver cirrhosis 1990–2019 and 20 years forecast: results from the global burden of disease study 2019

Global burden of liver cirrhosis 1990–2019 and 20 years forecast: results from the global burden of disease study 2019

Epidemiology of Acute Hepatitis C and HCV-related Cirrhosis in Reproductive-Age Women, 1990-2019: A Global Burden of Disease Study

The burden of cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases due to hepatitis B in children and adolescents: results from global burden of disease study 2019

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