The burden of RSV-associated illness in children aged &lt;5 years, South Africa, 2011 to 2016

Moyes, Jocelyn; Tempia, Stefano; Walaza, Sibongile; McMorrow, Meredith; Treurnicht, Florette K.; Wolter, Nicole; Gottberg, Anne von; Kahn, Kathleen; Cohen, Adam L.; Dawood, Halima; Variava, Ebrahim; Cohen, Cheryl

doi:10.1101/2022.06.20.22276680

2022

DOI: 10.1101/2022.06.20.22276680

|View full text |Cite

Preprint

The burden of RSV-associated illness in children aged <5 years, South Africa, 2011 to 2016

Jocelyn Moyes

Stefano Tempia

Sibongile Walaza

et al.

Abstract: Background Vaccines and monoclonal antibodies to protect the very young infant against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated illness are effective for limited time periods. We aimed to estimate age-specific burden to guide implementation strategies and cost effectiveness analyses. Methods We combined case-based surveillance and ecological data to generate a national estimate of the burden of RSV-associated acute respiratory illness (ARI) and severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) in South African chi… Show more

Help me understand this report

View published versions

Search citation statements

Order By: Relevance

Paper Sections

Select...

Citation Types

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Year Published

2023

2024

Publication Types

Select...

Article2

Relationship

Self Cite2

Independent0

Authors

Journals

Cited by 2 publications

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

Incidence and transmission of respiratory syncytial virus in urban and rural South Africa, 2017-2018

Cohen,

Kleynhans,

Moyes

et al. 2024

Nat Commun

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Data on respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) incidence and household transmission are limited. To describe RSV incidence and transmission, we conducted a prospective cohort study in rural and urban communities in South Africa over two seasons during 2017-2018. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected twice-weekly for 10 months annually and tested for RSV using PCR. We tested 81,430 samples from 1,116 participants in 225 households (follow-up 90%). 32% (359/1116) of individuals had ≥1 RSV infection; 10% (37/359) had repeat infection during the same season, 33% (132/396) of infections were symptomatic, and 2% (9/396) sought medical care. Incidence was 47.2 infections/100 person-years and highest in children <5 years (78.3). Symptoms were commonest in individuals aged <12 and ≥65 years. Individuals 1-12 years accounted for 55% (134/242) of index cases. Household cumulative infection risk was 11%. On multivariable analysis, index cases with ≥2 symptoms and shedding duration >10 days were more likely to transmit; household contacts aged 1-4 years vs. ≥65 years were more likely to acquire infection. Within two South African communities, RSV attack rate was high, and most infections asymptomatic. Young children were more likely to introduce RSV into the home, and to be infected. Future studies should examine whether vaccines targeting children aged <12 years could reduce community transmission.

show abstract

Incidence and transmission of respiratory syncytial virus in urban and rural South Africa, 2017-2018

Cohen,

Kleynhans,

Moyes

et al. 2024

Nat Commun

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

The economic burden of RSV-associated illness in children aged < 5 years, South Africa 2011–2016

Moyes

Tempia

Walaza

et al. 2023

BMC Med

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Data on the economic burden of RSV-associated illness will inform decisions on the programmatic implementation of maternal vaccines and monoclonal antibodies. We estimated the cost of RSV-associated illness in fine age bands to allow more accurate cost-effectiveness models to account for a limited duration of protection conferred by short- or long-acting interventions. Methods We conducted a costing study at sentinel sites across South Africa to estimate out-of-pocket and indirect costs for RSV-associated mild and severe illness. We collected facility-specific costs for staffing, equipment, services, diagnostic tests, and treatment. Using case-based data we calculated a patient day equivalent (PDE) for RSV-associated hospitalizations or clinic visits; the PDE was multiplied by the number of days of care to provide a case cost to the healthcare system. We estimated the costs in 3-month age intervals in children aged < 1 year and as a single group for children aged 1–4 years. We then applied our data to a modified version of the World Health Organization tool for estimating the mean annual national cost burden, including medically and non-medically attended RSV-associated illness. Results The estimated mean annual cost of RSV-associated illness in children aged < 5 years was US dollars ($)137,204,393, of which 76% ($111,742,713) were healthcare system incurred, 6% ($8,881,612) were out-of-pocket expenses and 13% ($28,225,.801) were indirect costs. Thirty-three percent ($45,652,677/$137,204,393) of the total cost in children aged < 5 years was in the < 3-month age group, of which 52% ($71,654,002/$137,204,393) were healthcare system incurred. The costs of non-medically attended cases increased with age from $3,307,218 in the < 3-month age group to $8,603,377 in the 9–11-month age group. Conclusions Among children < 5 years of age with RSV in South Africa, the highest cost burden was in the youngest infants; therefore, interventions against RSV targeting this age group are important to reduce the health and cost burden of RSV-associated illness.

show abstract

scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.

Contact Info

customersupport@researchsolutions.com

10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614

Henderson, NV 89052, USA

This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.

Blog Terms and Conditions API Terms Privacy Policy Contact Cookie Preferences Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information

Made with 💙 for researchers

Part of the Research Solutions Family.

The burden of RSV-associated illness in children aged <5 years, South Africa, 2011 to 2016

Cited by 2 publications

References 22 publications

Incidence and transmission of respiratory syncytial virus in urban and rural South Africa, 2017-2018

Incidence and transmission of respiratory syncytial virus in urban and rural South Africa, 2017-2018

The economic burden of RSV-associated illness in children aged < 5 years, South Africa 2011–2016

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About