The Cadmium Content of British Wheat Grain

Chaudri, A. M.; Zhao, Fang; McGrath, Steve P.; Crosland, A. R.

doi:10.2134/jeq1995.00472425002400050008x

Cited by 45 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Cadmium concentrations in potatoes can vary substantially among countries (Table 8.7), with so me of the highest reported for Australia. However, the estimated daily dietary Cd in take in the United Kingdom through the consumption of wheat-based products was only about 8 J.!g per person or about 11 % the WHO limit of 70 J.!g day-l (Chaudri et al, 1995). The Cd content in the wheat grain decreased by about 20% from 0.052 ppm in 1982 to 0.042 and 0.038 ppm in 1992 and 1993, respectively.…”

Section: Exposure 0/ Humans To Cadmiummentioning

confidence: 97%

Cadmium

Adriano

2001

Trace Elements in Terrestrial Environments

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Section: Exposure 0/ Humans To Cadmiummentioning

confidence: 97%

Cadmium

Adriano

2001

Trace Elements in Terrestrial Environments

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“…Some reports indicate that the application of N fertilizer increased Cd concentration in durum wheat and malting barley, with increased Cd concentration in the grain generally being associated with increasing crop yield (Grant et al 1996;. Others report that wheat grain yield had a negligible effect on Cd concentration in wheat grain (Chaudri et al 1995;Landberg and Greger 2003). Gray et al (2002) reports that durum wheat grain Cd concentrations were in most instances positively correlated with total biological yield estimated from the total above-ground DM, but were not significantly related to grain yield.…”

Section: Grain CD Concentration and Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many crop species, including wheat (Tritium aestivum L.), have been reported to accumulate Cd to an extent that may exceed the proposed maximum level for human consumption without adverse effects on crop growth (Chaudri et al 1995;Gawalko et al 2001;Gray et al 2001). A maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of Cd in wheat grain has been established by national and international health authorities in response to the potential health risks of Cd accumulation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cadmium accumulation in wheat grain as affected by mineral N fertilizer and soil characteristics

et al. 2011

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H. 2011. Cadmium accumulation in wheat grain as affected by mineral N fertilizer and soil characteristics. Can. J. Soil Sci. 91: 521Á531. Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal distributed in soil by natural processes and anthropogenic activities. It can accumulate in crops, such as spring milling wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and its accumulation depends on crop species, soil factors, and agricultural practices like fertilizer inputs. Our objective was to study the effect of mineral N fertilizer and soil characteristics on wheat grain Cd concentration. A field study was conducted over 12 site-years (2004Á2006) in Que´bec, with four N application rates (0, 40, 120, and 200 kg N ha (1 ). Wheat grain samples (n 0192) were analysed for their Cd and N concentrations. Soil samples (n 048) taken before N fertilizer application were characterised for their chemical and physical properties, including Mehlich-3 extractable Cd concentration. Wheat grain Cd concentration increased significantly with increasing N application rates at 11 of the 12 site-years. Averaged across the 12 site-years, Cd concentration ranged from 53 mg kg (1 dry matter (DM) without N applied up to 87 mg kg (1 DM when 200 kg N ha (1 was applied. Wheat grain Cd concentration also varied significantly with site-years (34Á99 mg kg (1 DM), but never exceeded the proposed tolerance for wheat grain of 235 mg kg (1 DM. Wheat grain Cd concentration was significantly related to Mehlich-3 extractable Cd in soil (R 2 00.44, P 00.021) and nitrogen nutrition index (R 2 00.69, P00.001). We conclude that soil Cd concentration and the crop N nutrition status affect Cd accumulation in spring wheat grain produced in eastern Canada.

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“…In human nutrition, cereals constitute one of the major sources of cadmium (Asp, Hattin, and Stolt 2002). A whole grain contains 0.04-0.05 mg kg 21 of cadmium (Chaudri et al 1995;Mench, Braize, and Mocquuot 1997;Conti, Cubadda, and Carcea 2000). Lorenz et al (1986) claim that these values are 0.02 -0.10 mg kg 21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Particle Size on the Quality of Winter Wheat Flour, with a Special Focus on Macro‐ and Microelement Concentration

Tóth¹,

Prokisch²,

Sípos³

et al. 2006

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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In countries with suitable conditions for growing winter wheat, there are millions of tons of poor-baking-quality wheat harvested every year. In this investigation, representative samples of low-quality-wheat lots were analyzed. The baking quality properties, protein, ash, and macro-and microelement concentrations were determined for different particle-size fractions of flour. Flour fractions of different particle sizes sieved from the same flour samples yielded significantly different analyses for protein, ash, and macro-and microelements. It was determined that the particle fraction of 125-63 mm had better baking parameters than the original flour sample, and it constituted 32.5% of the total mass of the original amount of flour. In addition, the mineral-element concentration was also found to be much higher than that of the original flour, which means that besides its better baking quality, it also had a higher nutritional value. The single, unmixed utilization of the 125-to 63-mm flour fraction would mean more economic production for the baking industry and a higher value end product for the consumer. Based on our findings, we also recommend that in the chapters on materials and methods of the articles dealing with different kinds of flour, the authors should indicate the particle sizes of the flour samples analyzed because these may result in more objective evaluations of the readings.

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The Cadmium Content of British Wheat Grain

Abstract: The German limit for Cd in wheat grain of 0.1 mg kg-' fresh wt. (0.12 mg kg-' dry wt.) (BGA, 1986) has been mistakenly labeled as the WHO limit in the above paper. There is as yet no FAO/WHO Cd in wheat grain limit.

Cited by 45 publications

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Cadmium

Cadmium

Cadmium accumulation in wheat grain as affected by mineral N fertilizer and soil characteristics

Effects of Particle Size on the Quality of Winter Wheat Flour, with a Special Focus on Macro‐ and Microelement Concentration

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