The Calcineurin-Dynamin 1 Complex as a Calcium Sensor for Synaptic Vesicle Endocytosis

Lai, Michael M.; Hong, Jenny J.; Ruggiero, Alicia M.; Burnett, Patrick; Slepnev, Vladimir I.; Camilli, Pietro De; Snyder, Solomon H.

doi:10.1074/jbc.274.37.25963

Cited by 133 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Furthermore, calcineurin has been regarded as a calcium sensor for endocytosis, similar to synaptotagmin for exocytosis. Disruption of the calcineurin-dynamin 1 interaction inhibits clathrin-mediated endocytosis [44]. Our differential display data show that calcineurin expression was increased in RINm5F cells exposed to IL-1β or to a combination of cytokines (IL-1β + TNF-α + IFN-γ), supporting a possible role of calcineurin in cytokine-induced endocytosis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Cytokines activate genes of the endocytotic pathway in insulin-producing RINm5F cells

et al. 2004

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Aims/hypothesis. Cytokines are important humoral mediators of beta cell destruction in autoimmune diabetes. The aim of this study was to identify novel cytokine-induced genes in insulin-producing RINm5F cells, which may contribute to beta cell death or survival. Methods. A global gene expression profile in cytokine-exposed insulin-producing RINm5F cells was achieved by automated restriction fragment differential display PCR. The expression of selected candidate genes was confirmed by real-time RT-PCR analysis. Results. Exposure of RINm5F cells to IL-1β or to a cytokine mixture (IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ) for 6 h resulted in the differential expression of a functional gene cluster. Apart from the well-known up-regulation of the cytokine-responsive genes iNOS, NF-κB, MnSOD and Hsp70, several genes that belong to the functional cluster of the endocytotic pathway were identified. These endocytotic genes comprised: clathrin, megalin, synaptotagmin and calcineurin, which were up-regulated by IL-1β or the cytokine mixture.In contrast, the expression of the calcineurin inhibitor CAIN and of the GDP/GTP exchange protein Rab3 was down-regulated by cytokines. Other up-regulated cytokine-responsive genes were: agrin, murine adherent macrophage protein mRNA (MAMA) and transport-associated protein (TAP1/MTP), whereas the plasma membrane calcium ATPase (PMCA) 2 and PMCA 3 genes were down-regulated by cytokines. Conclusions/interpretation. Our results indicate that genes of the endocytotic pathway are regulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines. This might affect the density of cytokine receptors at the beta cell surface and concomitantly the sensitivity of the cells to cytokine toxicity. A better understanding of the functional cross-talk between endocytotic and cytokine signalling pathways could further the development of novel strategies to protect pancreatic beta cells against toxic effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Cytokines activate genes of the endocytotic pathway in insulin-producing RINm5F cells

et al. 2004

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“…3c), such as piccolo 85 . Tentative evidence also suggests putative Ca 2+ -dependent interactions between dynamin and calcineurin 87,88 , and between dynamin and the synaptic vesicle protein synaptophysin 89 . Based on these data it is possible to speculate that dynamin may directly or indirectly contribute to the clearance of release sites at or near the active zone, perhaps through membrane fission, regulation of fusion pore collapse, actin-based processes 58 or interactions with active zone proteins (FIG.…”

Section: Super-resolution Light Microscopic Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Calmodulin also mediates rapid recruitment of fast-releasing synaptic vesicles at the calyx of Held 97,98 , further underlining the intimate connection between presynaptic Ca 2+ , release site clearance and endocytosis. other Ca 2+ -binding proteins, such as calcineurin 87,88,99,100 , synaptotagmins, complexins or Munc13 (REFS 12,101) might be additional Ca 2+ effectors facilitating exocytic-endocytic coupling.…”

Section: Calcium Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein scaffolds in the coupling of synaptic exocytosis and endocytosis

2011

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Communication between nerve cells largely occurs at chemical synapses -specialized sites of cell-cell contact where electrical signals trigger the exocytic release of neurotransmitter, which in turn activates postsynaptic receptor channels. The efficacy with which such chemical signals are transmitted is crucial for the functioning of the nervous system. Modulation of neurotransmission enables nerve cells to respond to a vast range of stimulus patterns. Synaptic activity can also be tremendously diverse; from the fast synapses of the hippocampus, to slow neuropeptide-containing synapses. Indeed, some signalling pathways are active in the absence of stimulation, such as those involved in the processing of sensory information, which transmit tonically at high rates of up to 100 Hz or more 1,2 .Intriguing questions arise from these facts, including how high rates of neurotransmission can be maintained over long periods of time, and what limits the ability of a given synapse to release neurotransmitter during sustained periods of activity. Recent data indicate that in many synapses, exocytosis of neurotransmitter is coupled to endocytosis, and that synapses have evolved a specialized apparatus of scaffolding proteins to comply with these demands. Such scaffolds aid the temporal and spatial coupling of exocytosis and endocytosis, and are crucial for maintaining rapid neurotransmission during sustained activity 3 .Exocytosis of neurotransmitter is triggered by stimulusinduced calcium influx into the nerve terminal 4,5 and the subsequent fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic plasma membrane at specialized regions called active zones (BOX 1). Exocytosed synaptic vesicle membrane proteins and lipids in turn are recycled at the endocytic or periactive zone (BOX 1) that surrounds the release site, to restore functional synaptic vesicle pools for reuse and to ensure long-term functionality of the synapse 6-8 (FIG. 1). Depending on the type of synapse and the stimulation frequency, several modes of endocytosis with different time constants -for example, fast and slow endocytosisseem to operate 7,9,10 . Clathrin-mediated endocytosis arguably represents the main pathway of synaptic vesicle endocytosis 6,8,11 , although other modes -for example, fast kiss-and-run exocytosis and endocytosis -could operate in parallel.Although the machineries for exocytic membrane fusion 12,13 and for endocytic retrieval of synaptic vesicle membranes have been studied separately in some detail 6,14 , comparatively little is known about the coupling between exocytosis and endocytosis. Here we synthesize recent data from physiological, morphological and biochemical studies in several model systems into hypothetical models for scaffold-based mechanisms underlying exocytic-endocytic coupling.The synaptic vesicle cycle Synaptic vesicle pools. Some defining features of chemical synapses are the presence of one or several clusters of synaptic vesicles in the presynaptic nerve terminal, and ultrastructural specializations at the pre-and postsy...

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“…The protein phosphatase calcineurin is implicated in insulin signaling 29,30 and membrane trafficking 31 . Cyclosporin A (0.5 µM), an inhibitor of calcineurin, blocked AMPA receptor internalization induced by insulin ( Fig.…”

Section: Different Signaling Pathways For Endocytosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct molecular mechanisms and divergent endocytotic pathways of AMPA receptor internalization

et al. 2000

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articlesThe AMPA class of ionotropic glutamate receptors mediates most of the fast excitatory synaptic transmission in mammalian brain 1 . Changing the responsiveness of postsynaptic AMPA receptors offers a powerful way to regulate excitatory synaptic transmission. Among the mechanisms proposed for modification of AMPA receptor activity, one of the simplest is a change in the number of AMPA receptors in the postsynaptic membrane. Studies suggest that AMPA receptors can move in and out of the postsynaptic membrane on a rapid time scale (for review, see ref.2). Moreover, changes in postsynaptic membrane trafficking or in synaptic targeting of AMPA receptors have been correlated with alterations in synaptic efficacy [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] .In developing neurons in culture, synaptic expression of AMPA receptors is modulated over a period of days by relative levels of AMPA and NMDA receptor activity [10][11][12] . Mature neurons in culture also exhibit slow changes in synaptic AMPA receptor expression in response to chronic changes in endogenous activity 9,13,14 . On a faster time scale, induction of long-term depression (LTD) or acute application of AMPA or insulin can induce a loss of AMPA receptors from the cell surface of cultured hippocampal neurons within minutes 3,6,9,15 . Conversely, induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) and activation of CaMKII are correlated with a rapid recruitment of AMPA receptors to the postsynaptic membrane 5,8 . Thus, the synaptic content of AMPA receptors can change bidirectionally on a fast time scale and result in altered synaptic transmission.Little is known about the cell biological pathways or molecular mechanisms of postsynaptic AMPA receptor trafficking. To date, studies of AMPA receptor trafficking have focused on the presence or absence of AMPA receptors at synaptic sites, or on internal versus surface expression [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][15][16][17][18] . However, the multiple subunits of AMPA receptors interact differentially with diverse cytoplasmic proteins including GRIP/ABP, PICK1, NSF and SAP97, all of which have been implicated in synaptic targeting of AMPA receptors 3,5,17,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] . The diversity of AMPA receptor protein interactions, and their regulation by phosphorylation 28 , suggest that AMPA receptor trafficking is likely to be regulated by varied mechanisms.Here we report that multiple distinct pathways exist for AMPA receptor endocytosis in cultured hippocampal neurons. We have quantified a basal rate of AMPA receptor internalization, which can be enhanced by a variety of stimuli including synaptic activity, ligand binding to AMPA receptors, insulin and calcium influx. Different internalizing stimuli use distinct intracellular signaling mechanisms, different endosomal sorting pathways and distinct sequence determinants within AMPA receptor subunits to effect AMPA receptor endocytosis. RESULTS Ligand-dependent endocytosis of AMPA receptorsTranslocation of AMPA receptors from cell surface to intracellular compartments was visu...

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The Calcineurin-Dynamin 1 Complex as a Calcium Sensor for Synaptic Vesicle Endocytosis

Cited by 133 publications

References 25 publications

Cytokines activate genes of the endocytotic pathway in insulin-producing RINm5F cells

Cytokines activate genes of the endocytotic pathway in insulin-producing RINm5F cells

Protein scaffolds in the coupling of synaptic exocytosis and endocytosis

Distinct molecular mechanisms and divergent endocytotic pathways of AMPA receptor internalization

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