The calcium requirements of pastures in New Zealand: A review

Edmeades, D. C.; Perrott, K. W.

doi:10.1080/00288233.2004.9513566

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Previous studies have concluded that changes in soil pH depend on intrinsic factors such as soil features (Peech, ) including O.M., Ca and Mg contents and exogenous factors such as acid deposition (Mohnen & Wilson, ), industrial effluents and farming practices (Khan, ). In this study, the average values of soil available Ca and Mg were above their corresponding critical values, and a significant positive correlation was found between the soil pH and exchangeable Ca (Figure ), which is in agreement with the results of Bolton (), Edmeades & Perrott () and Kozak et al . ().…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Excessive application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers induces soil acidification and phosphorus enrichment during vegetable production in Yangtze River Delta, China

Liang

Zhao

et al. 2013

Soil Use and Management

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Intensive vegetable cultivation has developed very rapidly in China, and investigation of current soil nutrient problems in vegetable fields and their potential environmental risk is important for local soil nutrient management strategies. Three hundred and sixty-six soil samples were collected from greenhouse vegetable fields, open vegetable fields and rice/wheat rotation fields in southern Jiangsu Province, the most intensive vegetable-producing areas in Yangtze River Delta, China, for the analysis of their soil fertility status. Soil acidification and P enrichment were the main problems identified in this area of vegetable production, with about 20 and 17% of the open and greenhouse vegetable field soils, respectively, being extremely acid with soil pH values below 5.0. In contrast, no soils under rice/wheat rotation fields were as acidic. Percentages of sites with Olsen-P concentrations < 90 mg/kg were 61, 85 and 0% for soils growing greenhouse vegetable, field vegetable and rice/ wheat, respectively. The nitrogen (N) surplus for vegetable fields exceeded 170 kg/ha/crop, and the phosphorus (P) surplus exceeded 40 kg/ha/crop. Thus, current vegetable production leads to potential environmental risks of N and P pollution of nearby aquatic bodies. Insufficient supplementation with potassium fertilizers was found in some vegetable fields. Several ameliorative measures are proposed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Excessive application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers induces soil acidification and phosphorus enrichment during vegetable production in Yangtze River Delta, China

Liang

Zhao

et al. 2013

Soil Use and Management

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“…In the 18 th month, both correctives increased P levels down to 0.10 m. Fageria & Baligar (2008) reported linear P increase in Brazilian Oxisols, as pH increased from 5.3 to 6.9. Also, Edmeades & Perrott (2004) observed that liming reduced P adsorption and enhanced P mineralization from organic matter.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield and mineral nutrition of soybean, maize, and Congo signal grass as affected by limestone and slag

Castro¹,

Crusciol

2013

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of superficial application of limestone and slag, and their effects on soil chemical attributes and on yield and mineral nutrition of soybean, maize, and Congo signal grass (Urochloa ruziziensis). The experiment was carried out in a Rhodic Hapludox under no tillage system. The treatments consisted of the use of limestone or slag (silicates of calcium and magnesium) to correct soil acidity, and of a control treatment without the use of soil correctives. Rates were calculated in order to raise soil base saturation up to 70%. Soybean was sown in November 2006 and maize in December 2007. Congo signal grass was sown right after the harvests of soybean and maize, and it was cropped during the offseasons. Soil chemical attributes were evaluated at 6, 12, and 18 months after the application of the corrective materials. Slag is an efficient source for soil acidity correction, being able to raise the exchangeable base levels in the soil profile faster than lime. Both limestone and slag increase dry matter yield of Congo signal grass, and grain yield of soybean and maize. Slag is more effective in improving maize grain yield.Index terms: no tillage, silicon, soil chemical attributes, superficial liming, subsuperficial acidity, yield components. Produtividade e nutrição mineral de soja, milho e capim-ruziziensis influenciados por calcário e escória de siderurgiaResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência da aplicação superficial de calcário e escória de siderurgia e seus efeitos nos atributos químicos do solo e na produtividade e nutrição de soja, milho e capim-ruziziensis (Urochloa ruziziensis). O experimento foi conduzido em Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico, sob sistema de semeadura direta. Os tratamentos consistiram do uso de calcário e de escória de siderurgia (silicatos de cálcio e magnésio), para corrigir a acidez do solo, e de uma testemunha sem aplicação de corretivos. As dosagens foram calculadas com o intuito de elevar a saturação por bases a 70%. A soja foi semeada em novembro de 2006 e o milho em dezembro de 2007. O capim-ruziziensis foi semeado logo após as colheitas da soja e do milho e foi cultivado durante as entressafras. Os atributos químicos do solo foram avaliados aos 6, 12 e 18 meses após a aplicação dos corretivos. A escória é uma fonte eficiente para correção da acidez do solo e é capaz de aumentar o nível de bases trocáveis no perfil do solo mais rapidamente do que o calcário. Tanto o calcário como a escória aumentam a produção de matéria seca do capim-ruziziensis e a produção de grãos de soja e milho. A escória é mais eficiente em elevar a produtividade do milho.Termos para indexação: plantio direto, silício, atributos químicos do solo, calagem superficial, acidez subsuperficial, componentes de produtividade.

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“…The loss of Ca in NZ pasture increased with increasing N application rate. The loss of Ca cation was highly correlated with the loss of nitrate N, suggesting that Ca leaching is accompanied by nitrate anion [65].…”

Section: Effect Of Nitrogen Use On Soil Nutrients and Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Fertiliser Nitrogen and Factors Affecting Pasture Responses

Sun¹,

Longhurst²,

Luo³

et al. 2008

TOASJ

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Nitrogen (N) is an essential plant element. However, its supply from soil compared to its demand by crops as well as pasture plants is the most limiting amongst soil nutrients. Pastures respond well to N application. N utilization efficiency can be 9-28 kg dry matter per 1 kg N applied. As a result, N fertilisers are increasingly applied for high pasture production. How pastures respond to N and the factors affecting responses are crucial to the efficient use of N fertilisers. After fertiliser N is applied, N is rapidly absorbed into plants and growth stimulated via improvement of root systems and photosynthetic activity. Pasture production increases depend on botanical composition, cultivars and physiological state. Pasture growth is improved immediately after N application. This effect can last into the next growing period following initial defoliation. The carryover N effect may increase plant growth, but can be negative in some cases. New Zealand studies showed positive N carryover effects present for first two cuts, inconsistent at third, and negative for fourth and fifth cuts. Pasture composition, N fixation by legumes and herbage nutrient concentration all respond to N application. Pastures response to N flux varies with various factors, including N form, rate applied, and frequency and timing of application. Dry matter yields in pure grass pastures increases linearly with N application rate up to 200-400 kg N ha-1 per year. Split N applications improve annual yield and seasonal yield distribution. Spring applications gave greater N responses than autumn applications. N responses are also affected by climate, geographical factors, and soil factors, such as type, texture, drainage, pH, fertility, moisture and temperature.

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The calcium requirements of pastures in New Zealand: A review

Abstract: Calcium (Ca) plays a vital role in the structural integrity of soils, plants, and animals.

Cited by 20 publications

References 36 publications

Excessive application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers induces soil acidification and phosphorus enrichment during vegetable production in Yangtze River Delta, China

Excessive application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers induces soil acidification and phosphorus enrichment during vegetable production in Yangtze River Delta, China

Yield and mineral nutrition of soybean, maize, and Congo signal grass as affected by limestone and slag

Fertiliser Nitrogen and Factors Affecting Pasture Responses

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