The CAMELS-CL dataset: catchment attributes and meteorology for
large sample studies – Chile dataset

Álvarez-Garretón, Camila; Mendoza, Pablo; Boisier, Juan Pablo; Galleguillos, Mauricio; Zambrano‐Bigiarini, Mauricio; Lara, Antonio; Addor, Nans; Puelma, Cristóbal; Cortés, G.; Garreaud, René; McPhee, James

doi:10.5194/hess-2018-23

Cited by 49 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The model requires as forcing, monthly data of air temperature and precipitation. These input data were taken from the CR2MET dataset (Alvarez-Garreton and others, 2018). The CR2MET is a new gridded climatology dataset available at daily and monthly time step with a grid size of 0.005° (~5 km).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A near 90-year record of the evolution of El Morado Glacier and its proglacial lake, Central Chilean Andes

et al. 2020

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Using an ensemble of close- and long-range remote sensing, lake bathymetry and regional meteorological data, we present a detailed assessment of the geometric changes of El Morado Glacier in the Central Andes of Chile and its adjacent proglacial lake between 1932 and 2019. Overall, the results revealed a period of marked glacier down wasting, with a mean geodetic glacier mass balance of −0.39 ± 0.15 m w.e.a−1 observed for the entire glacier between 1955 and 2015 with an area loss of 40% between 1955 and 2019. We estimate an ice elevation change of −1.00 ± 0.17 m a−1 for the glacier tongue between 1932 and 2019. The increase in the ice thinning rates and area loss during the last decade is coincident with the severe drought in this region (2010–present), which our minimal surface mass-balance model is able to reproduce. As a result of the glacier changes observed, the proglacial lake increased in area substantially between 1955 and 2019, with bathymetry data suggesting a water volume of 3.6 million m3 in 2017. This study highlights the need for further monitoring of glacierised areas in the Central Andes. Such efforts would facilitate a better understanding of the downstream impacts of glacier downwasting.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A near 90-year record of the evolution of El Morado Glacier and its proglacial lake, Central Chilean Andes

et al. 2020

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“…to 545 mm at 2370 m a.s.l.) has been described (data from 1979 to 2016 CR2MET, Alvarez‐Garreton et al 2018). According to elevation decrease in air temperature (lapse rate) for this zone (6°C km −1 , Cavieres and Arroyo 1999) there is a difference of 6°C in the average temperature between our gradient's extremes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant–plant facilitation increases with reduced phylogenetic relatedness along an elevation gradient

Duarte

Verdú

Cavieres

et al. 2020

Oikos

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Environmental conditions can modify the intensity and sign of ecological interactions. The stress gradient hypothesis (SGH) predicts that facilitation becomes more important than competition under stressful conditions. To properly test this hypothesis, it is necessary to account for all (not a subset of) interactions occurring in the communities and consider that species do not interact at random but following a specific pattern. We aim to assess elevational changes in facilitation, in terms of species richness, frequency and intensity of the interaction as a function of the evolutionary relatedness between nurses and their associated species. We sampled nurse and their facilitated plant species in two 1000–2000 m. elevation gradients in Mediterranean Chile where low temperature imposes a mortality filter on seedlings. We first estimated the relative importance of facilitation as a mechanism adding new species to communities distributed along these gradients. We then tested whether the frequency and intensity of facilitation increases with elevation, taking into account the evolutionary relatedness of the nurse species and the facilitated species. We found that nurses increase the species richness of the community by up to 35%. Facilitative interactions are more frequent than competitive interactions (56% versus 44%) and facilitation intensity increased with elevation for interactions involving distantly related lineages. Our results highlight the importance of including an evolutionary dimension in the study of facilitation to have a clearer picture of the mechanisms enabling species to coexist and survive under stressful conditions. This knowledge is especially relevant to conserve vulnerable and threatened communities facing new climate scenarios, such as those located in Mediterranean‐type ecosystems.

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“…To make a direct comparison between both variables, the river discharge measured as water volume flow were converted to mm per time unit. This conversion was performed by normalizing the streamflow data by gauge-contributing catchment area, which is provided by the CAMELS-CL dataset (Alvarez-Garreton et al, 2018).…”

Section: Local Precipitation and Streamflow Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic drying in central-southern Chile evidenced by long-term observations and climate model simulations

Boisier

Álvarez-Garretón

Cordero

et al. 2018

Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene

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The socio-ecological sensitivity to water deficits makes Chile highly vulnerable to global change. New evidence of a multi-decadal drying trend and the impacts of a persistent drought that since 2010 has affected several regions of the country, reinforce the need for clear diagnoses of the hydro-climate changes in Chile. Based on the analysis of long-term records (50+ years) of precipitation and streamflow, we confirm a tendency toward a dryer condition in central-southern Chile (30–48°S). We describe the geographical and seasonal character of this trend, as well as the associated large-scale circulation patterns. When a large ensemble of climate model simulations is contrasted to observations, anthropogenic forcing appears as the leading factor of precipitation change. In addition to a drying trend driven by greenhouse gas forcing in all seasons, our results indicate that the Antarctic stratospheric ozone depletion has played a major role in the summer rainfall decline. Although average model results agree well with the drying trend’s seasonal character, the observed change magnitude is two to three times larger than that simulated, indicating a potential underestimation of future projections for this region. Under present-day carbon emission rates, the drying pathway in Chile will likely prevail during the next decades, although the summer signal should weaken as a result of the gradual ozone layer recovery. The trends and scenarios shown here pose substantial stress on Chilean society and its institutions, and call for urgent action regarding adaptation measures.

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The CAMELS-CL dataset: catchment attributes and meteorology for large sample studies – Chile dataset

Cited by 49 publications

References 10 publications

A near 90-year record of the evolution of El Morado Glacier and its proglacial lake, Central Chilean Andes

A near 90-year record of the evolution of El Morado Glacier and its proglacial lake, Central Chilean Andes

Plant–plant facilitation increases with reduced phylogenetic relatedness along an elevation gradient

Anthropogenic drying in central-southern Chile evidenced by long-term observations and climate model simulations

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