The Camp of God: Reimagining Pilgrimage as Migrancy in Augustine’sCity of God1

Abstract

Following the Sack of Rome in 410 CE, African Christians like Augustine welcomed migrants from Italy. This was part of a trend of catastrophic human displacement that anticipatedalbeit in an inverted mannerthe Mediterranean migrant crisis of the twenty-first century. It was in this context that Augustine wrote, in his City of God, of a civitas made up of peregrininot merely "pilgrims," but "migrants" or "refugees." The vision of community corresponding to Augustine's sense of peregrinatio was not the city, but the camp: the civitas that plays host to the migrant. As Agamben has reminded us, the prevalence of camps tells us something about the regime of law conditioning even those who supposedly live "outside the walls." In light of Agamben's insight, this article makes the case that Augustine's political theology of peregrinatio and civitas is best understood in terms of migrancy and the refugee camp.