The Canine Nasal Mucosa

Adams, Damon; Hotchkiss, D. K.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0264.1983.tb01008.x

Cited by 40 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…A five-subsystem scheme emerges if the difference between vomeronasal subsystems based on semiochemical receptor types VR1 and VR2 is taken into account (Barrios et al, 2014). Although numerous studies of the canine nasal mucosa have been published (Lauruschkus, 1942; Müller, 1955; Neuhaus, 1955; Adams and Hotchkiss, 1983; Kavoi et al, 2010), we are unaware of any previous systematic search for these four or five OSbS in the dog. The findings reported above, together with our previous observation that the canine vomeronasal system binds anti-G αi2 but not anti-G αo antibodies (Salazar et al, 2013), show that the dog has only the main and vomeronasal subsystems, and that the latter is in all probability entirely VR1-based.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dog and mouse: toward a balanced view of the mammalian olfactory system

2014

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Although the most intensively studied mammalian olfactory system is that of the mouse, in which olfactory chemical cues of one kind or another are detected in four different nasal areas [the main olfactory epithelium (MOE), the septal organ (SO), Grüneberg's ganglion, and the sensory epithelium of the vomeronasal organ (VNO)], the extraordinarily sensitive olfactory system of the dog is also an important model that is increasingly used, for example in genomic studies of species evolution. Here we describe the topography and extent of the main olfactory and vomeronasal sensory epithelia of the dog, and we report finding no structures equivalent to the Grüneberg ganglion and SO of the mouse. Since we examined adults, newborns, and fetuses we conclude that these latter structures are absent in dogs, possibly as the result of regression or involution. The absence of a vomeronasal component based on VR2 receptors suggests that the VNO may be undergoing a similar involutionary process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dog and mouse: toward a balanced view of the mammalian olfactory system

2014

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“…This assumption is further strengthened by the observation that this CAP flow increase occurred despite the elevation of plasma catecholamines under the condi tions of the experiment, including pentobarbital anesthe sia. The differences between basal local CAP flows in the various tissues confirmed the differences in capillary den sity [21 ]. Our methods are not sensitive enough to demon strate the possible regional variation in AVA flow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Histamine Responsiveness of the Various Vascular Beds of Facial and Nasal Tissues in the Dog

Bari

Ariwodola²,

Pleschka³

1993

J Vasc Res

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The effects of the close arterial infusion of histamine upon the microcirculation of facial and nasal tissues were examined in dogs. Blood flow through arteriovenous anastomoses (AVA flow), capillaries (CAP flow) and collaterals (COL flow) were determined by electromagnetic flowmetry and the tracer-microsphere technique following an infusion of histamine at doses ranging from 0.5 to 50 nmol/min. Low doses of histamine (0.5-5.0 nmol/min) resulted in an increase in blood flow through the ipsilateral internal maxillary artery (IMA), which could be mainly attributed to a significant elevation of the CAP flow. A concomitant marked increase in AVA flow was observed only after the administration of higher doses (20-50 nmol/min). Significant changes in systemic blood pressure, heart rate and cardiac output occurred only after the infusion of histamine at doses of 20 and 50 nmol/min. Significant increases in the CAP flow of tissues with relatively low perfusion were observed after the infusion of histamine at lower doses. The CAP flow of structures which play an essential role in conditioning the inspired air and exhibit high perfusion rates under control conditions exhibited significant increases only after the administration of higher doses. The present experiments provide direct evidence for a dose-dependent vasodilatory effect of histamine on different microcirculatory compartments of cutaneous and mucosal vascular beds supplied by the IMA in the dog. The results indicate that at low blood histamine levels, an increase in CAP flow predominates, and at higher doses, both elevated CAP flow and elevated AVA flow contribute to the vasodilatory response to histamine. The investigation suggests that histamine is not involved directly in a selective dilation of the AVA of the facial and nasal vasculature which is characteristic for cold-induced vasodilation.

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“…The relationship between compartments with low and high basal flow rates was generally main tained at different doses of ADP. This may result from the differences in both the density of the various neuroeffec tor connections involved [2] and in CAP density [7]. In addition, the possibility that regions of different blood flow rates differ in sensitivity to ADP cannot be ex cluded.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulatory Effects Caused by Intra-Arterial Infusion of AMP, ADP and ATP in the Canine Facial and Nasal Vascular Beds

Bari

Ariwodola²,

Pleschka³

1993

J Vasc Res

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The effects of the intra-arterial infusion of ATP, ADP and AMP into the internal maxillary artery (IMA), which provides the blood supply to the nasal and forehead regions of the dog, were analyzed. Total blood flow and perfusion pressure measurements in the IMA after administration of each adenyl compound indicated dose-dependent and active vasodilatory responses that were restricted to the ipsilateral vessels. The rank order of potency was ADP ≧ ATP > AMP. In order to determine the microcirculatory effects caused by ADP, the tracer microsphere technique combined with absolute blood flow measurement was used. Intra-arterial infusion of ADP in the range 1-200 nmol/min produced elevations in the IMA flow on the stimulated side that ranged between 11 and 74%. The responses to low doses of ADP were mainly confined to the capillaries (CAP), whereas the arteriovenous anastomoses too were sensitive to high doses. The relative contributions of the anatomically and functionally different compartments of the forehead and nose to ADP-produced relaxations of the CAP were dependent upon their location. The CAP flows in the tissues which play a crucial role in conditioning the inspired air increased significantly, while the compartments of the furred surfaces were less sensitive to ADP. The results suggest that, since ATP, ADP and AMP are effective vasodilatory agents in all the regions examined, purines could have a regulatory or modulatory role in the complex vascular regulation of the nasal and forehead regions.

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The Canine Nasal Mucosa

Cited by 40 publications

References 48 publications

Dog and mouse: toward a balanced view of the mammalian olfactory system

Dog and mouse: toward a balanced view of the mammalian olfactory system

Histamine Responsiveness of the Various Vascular Beds of Facial and Nasal Tissues in the Dog

Circulatory Effects Caused by Intra-Arterial Infusion of AMP, ADP and ATP in the Canine Facial and Nasal Vascular Beds

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