The Cannabinoid Receptor type 2 Q63R variant increases the risk of celiac disease: Implication for a novel molecular biomarker and future therapeutic intervention

No association between the functional cannabinoid receptor type 2 Q63R variants and inflammatory bowel disease in Turkish subjects

“…In the field of gastroenterology, the CB2 Q63R variant has been suggested to modulate hepatic inflammation and the risk of liver damage in obese children (25). Moreover, the Q63R polymorphism seems to increase more than six-fold the risk for developing celiac disease (33). Still, in this study, we found no association between this functional variant and IBD in the Turkish population.…”

Endocannabinoid engagement of CB2 regulates RSV-induced immunity

“…While this is the first study in which the allelic frequency between CAA and CGG for CNR2 has been determined in a cohort of ARTI patients, the data show that the Q variant, the CB 2 form that is responsive to endocannabinoids, is overrepresented. Thus, these findings are consistent with the hypothesis that CB 2 control the magnitude of the immune response. For those with autoimmune disease, the predominant form of CB 2 is less responsive to regulatory control by endocannabinoids, while in patients with ARTI, the predominant form of CB 2 is subject to endocannabinoid regulation, thereby potentially reducing the immune response against the virus [9].…”

“…In Caucasian subjects with multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosis, or myasthenia gravis, the GG/GG or AA/GG genotypes were detected more often than the AA/AA genotype in all diseases, while control subjects expressed all genotypes [5]. Similar results were found in Italian children in which the Q63R variant was increased more than 6-fold in children with celiac disease [2]. Another group of Italian children with chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) had the R variant overrepresented as compared to controls [6].…”

“…CB 2 is encoded by the CNR2 gene, a single exon gene flanked by 3 0 and 5 0 untranslated regions. CNR2 is located on chromosome 1, and the genetic locus that maps to CNR2 has been implicated in susceptibility to various autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematous and type 1 diabetes [2]. This, in combination with the fact that CB 2 also mediates immune suppressive and anti-inflammatory effects of exogenous cannabinoids, have made it an attractive target for putative therapies aimed at dampening autoimmune diseases [3].…”

Iron overload causes osteoporosis in thalassemia major patients through interaction with transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) channels

“…28,29,[40][41][42] This is accompanied by a pattern of alterations in endocannabinoid levels -with a reduction in those with highest efficacy at CB2 receptors (2-AG), and an increase in those which activate TRPV1 (PEA). 43 Thus, increased TRPV1/CB1 receptors with decreased CB2 receptor activity may represent one of the molecular events underpinning the development of OP.…”