The capillary-microreactor: a new reactor concept for the intensification of heat and mass transfer in liquid–liquid reactions

Dummann, Gerrit; Quittmann, Ulrich; Gröschel, Lothar; Agar, David W.; Wörz, Otto; Morgenschweis, Konrad

doi:10.1016/s0920-5861(03)00056-7

Cited by 232 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…However, the hydrophobicity of PDMS prevents the production of oil-in-water (o/w) droplets with native, untreated PDMS. The generation of o/w droplets is key for various microfluidic applications, including the synthesis of advanced nano-and micro-materials in oil droplet microreactors 8,9 , organic functional group transformations 10,11 , encapsulation of single cells in double emulsions followed by flow cytometric sorting 12 , and the formation of vesicles 13 and other model membranes 14,15 . The incompatibility of PDMS in this regard has led researchers to use alternative, less desirable materials, such as glass and silicon [16][17][18] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrophilic surface modification of PDMS for droplet microfluidics using a simple, quick, and robust method via PVA deposition

et al. 2017

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Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is a dominant material in the fabrication of microfluidic devices to generate water-in-oil droplets, particularly lipid-stabilized droplets, because of its highly hydrophobic nature. However, its key property of hydrophobicity has hindered its use in the microfluidic generation of oil-in-water droplets, which requires channels to have hydrophilic surface properties. In this article, we developed, optimized, and characterized a method to produce PDMS with a hydrophilic surface via the deposition of polyvinyl alcohol following plasma treatment and demonstrated its suitability for droplet generation. The proposed method is simple, quick, effective, and low cost and is versatile with respect to surfactants, with droplets being successfully generated using both anionic surfactants and more biologically relevant phospholipids. This method also allows the device to be selectively patterned with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions, leading to the generation of double emulsions and inverted double emulsions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrophilic surface modification of PDMS for droplet microfluidics using a simple, quick, and robust method via PVA deposition

et al. 2017

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“…1B). In the case of slug flow, two mechanisms are known to be responsible for the mass transfer between two fluids: (a) internal circulation (Burns and Ramshaw, 2001;Dummann et al, 2003;Kashid et al, 2005) takes place within each slug and (b) the concentration gradients between adjacent slugs lead to the diffusion between the phases. In the case of parallel pattern, the flow is laminar and the transfer of molecules between the two phases is supposed to occur only by diffusion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Parallel flow and slug flow form a welldefined environment for mass transfer during multiphase chemical reactions. The internal circulation that arises in slugs when they move through the channel have been described and numerical models of mass transfer between slugs have been developed (Dummann et al, 2003;Harries et al, 2003;Kashid et al, 2005). However, only Burns and Ramshaw (2001) provide data on mass transfer performance during chemical reaction based on experimental results for the slug flow regime without wall film formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid–liquid two-phase flow patterns and mass transfer characteristics in rectangular glass microreactors

Dessimoz

Cavin

Renken

et al. 2008

Chemical Engineering Science

377

255

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The flow of two immiscible fluids was investigated in rectangular glass microchannels with equivalent diameters of 269 and 400 m. Deionised water, dyed toluene and hexane were selected as probe fluids. Flow patterns were obtained for Y-and T-junction of two micro-channels and monitored by a photo-camera. Volumetric velocities of water and organic phase varied between 1 and 6 ml/h. The formation mechanism of slug and parallel flow was studied and the mass transfer performances of two flow patterns were compared. The shape of the interface between the immiscible liquids was controlled by a competition between the viscous forces and the local interfacial tension. The flow patterns could be correlated with the mean Capillary and Reynolds numbers. The mass transfer coefficients for parallel and slug flow were determined using instantaneous neutralisation (acid-base) reaction. The two flow patterns showed the same global volumetric mass transfer coefficients in the range of 0. 2-0. 5 s −1 , being affected mainly by the base concentration in water for parallel flow and by the linear velocity in the case of the slug flow.

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“…During the last decade or two, microreactor technology has emerged as an attractive alternative to conventional batch chemistry [17][18][19][20][21], and in 2003, the capillary-microreactor was introduced as a new reactor concept [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Internal circulation within these slugs results in an increased mass transfer compared to, e.g., parallel flow [24,25] (Figure 1). Slug-flow reactors have been used, e.g., for nitration of aromates [22], arylation of arylbromides [26], and Wittig reactions [27], and, thus, seemed to be an interesting method also for the two-phase dibromocyclopropanation of alkenes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Flow Chemistry for Two-Phase Dibromocyclopropanation of Alkenes

Østby¹,

Stenstrøm²,

Didriksen³

2015

J Flow Chem

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Conventional batch dibromocyclopropanations by reaction of bromoform and alkenes under phase-transfer conditions require strong base (50% NaOH (aq)), vigorous stirring, and often long reaction times. Using flow chemistry in a microreactor, the reactions were found to be smooth, rapid, and high-yielding under ambient conditions when 40% (w/w) NaOH was used as the base. The reaction has been tested with a representative selection of alkenes, displaying a variety of structural features.

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The capillary-microreactor: a new reactor concept for the intensification of heat and mass transfer in liquid–liquid reactions

Cited by 232 publications

References 4 publications

Hydrophilic surface modification of PDMS for droplet microfluidics using a simple, quick, and robust method via PVA deposition

Hydrophilic surface modification of PDMS for droplet microfluidics using a simple, quick, and robust method via PVA deposition

Liquid–liquid two-phase flow patterns and mass transfer characteristics in rectangular glass microreactors

The Use of Flow Chemistry for Two-Phase Dibromocyclopropanation of Alkenes

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