The Capsid Gene of Feline Calicivirus Contains Linear B-Cell Epitopes in both Variable and Conserved Regions

Radford, Alan; Willoughby, Kim; Dawson, Susan; McCracken, Christina; Gaskell, Rosalind M.

doi:10.1128/jvi.73.10.8496-8502.1999

Cited by 63 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Capsid amplification: A 529-nucleotide region of the capsid gene, equivalent to residues 6406-6934 of FCV strain F9 ( Carter and others 1992 ) and incorporating immunodominant regions C and E ( Seal and others 1993 , Radford and others 1999b ), was amplified as previously described ( Coyne and others 2007b , 2012 ). Briefly, each 50 µl reaction contained 2 µl cDNA, 45 µl 1.1×Reddy mix (Thermo Scientific), 1 µl nuclease-free water and 3.2 ng each of forward and reverse primers ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

European molecular epidemiology and strain diversity of feline calicivirus

et al. 2016

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Feline calicivirus (FCV) causes a variable syndrome of upper respiratory tract disease, mouth ulcers and lameness. A convenience-based prospective sample of oropharyngeal swabs (n=426) was obtained from five countries (France, Germany, Greece, Portugal and the UK). The prevalence of FCV by virus isolation was 22.2 per cent. Multivariable analysis found that animals presenting with lymphoplasmacytic gingivitis stomatitis complex were more likely to test positive for FCV infection. Furthermore, vaccinated cats up to 48 months of age were significantly less likely to be infected with FCV than unvaccinated animals of similar ages. Phylogenetic analysis based on consensus sequences for the immunodominant region of the capsid gene from 72 FCV isolates identified 46 strains. Thirteen of the 14 strains with more than one sequence were restricted to individual regions or sites in individual countries; the exception was a strain present in two sites close to each other in France. Four strains were present in more than one household. Five colonies, four of which were rescue shelters, had multiple strains within them. Polymerase sequence suggested possible rare recombination events. These locally, nationally and internationally diverse FCV populations maintain a continuous challenge to the control of FCV infection and disease.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

European molecular epidemiology and strain diversity of feline calicivirus

et al. 2016

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“…3G) (43,48,57,58). Using the FCV-5 structure, we mapped the locations of four linear B-cell epitopes identified in FCV-F9 (43). All of these sites lay on the margins of the P2 subdomain, with one site, Ags4, at the dimer interface ( Fig.…”

Section: Selection Of Soluble Receptor-resistant (Srr) Mutants Of Fcvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conformational Changes in the Capsid of a Calicivirus upon Interaction with Its Functional Receptor

Ossiboff

Zhou

Lightfoot

et al. 2010

J Virol

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Nonenveloped viral capsids are metastable structures that undergo conformational changes during virus entry that lead to interactions of the capsid or capsid fragments with the cell membrane. For members of the Caliciviridae, neither the nature of these structural changes in the capsid nor the factor(s) responsible for inducing these changes is known. Feline junctional adhesion molecule A (fJAM-A) mediates the attachment and infectious viral entry of feline calicivirus (FCV). Here, we show that the infectivity of some FCV isolates is neutralized following incubation with the soluble receptor at 37°C. We used this property to select mutants resistant to preincubation with the soluble receptor. We isolated and sequenced 24 soluble receptor-resistant (srr) mutants and characterized the growth properties and receptor-binding activities of eight mutants. The location of the mutations within the capsid structure of FCV was mapped using a new 3.6-Å structure of native FCV. The srr mutations mapped to the surface of the P2 domain were buried at the protruding domain dimer interface or were present in inaccessible regions of the capsid protein. Coupled with data showing that both the parental FCV and the srr mutants underwent increases in hydrophobicity upon incubation with the soluble receptor at 37°C, these findings indicate that FCV likely undergoes conformational change upon interaction with its receptor. Changes in FCV capsid conformation following its interaction with fJAM-A may be important for subsequent interactions of the capsid with cellular membranes, membrane penetration, and genome delivery.The interactions between viruses and receptors on the surface of host cells strongly influence viral pathogenesis and regulate morbidity and mortality in the host. Virus-receptor interactions determine the types of cells that can be infected, the pathway of entry into the cell, and the efficiency of productive infection. Interactions between nonenveloped virus capsids and their receptor(s) trigger one or more steps required for infectious entry. These steps can include interaction with other receptors, exposure to low pH or endosomal proteases, or other factors. Ultimately, one or more of these interactions induce changes in capsid conformation that result in the exposure of hydrophobic regions or release of a lipidseeking factor that can interact with and disrupt the limiting cellular membrane to allow the capsid and/or the genome to be delivered to the interior of the cell (reviewed in reference 60).The Caliciviridae are small nonenveloped viruses containing a positive-sense RNA genome (ϳ7 to 8 kb). Several important disease-causing members of the Caliciviridae, including human noroviruses and rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus, cannot be propagated in tissue culture systems (19,56). This has slowed progress on studies of the mechanisms of cellular entry of these viruses. In contrast, feline caliciviruses (FCVs) propagate readily in tissue culture, and two cell surface receptor molecules, feline junctional adhesion molec...

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“…Region E still is subdivided into 5′ and 3′ hypervariable regions (HVRs) separated by a conserved central domain (conE). 7 , 8 ORF 2 encodes the major capsid protein (VP1) and ORF 3 encodes the virus minor structural protein (VP2). 9 The 5′HVR encodes the major B-cell epitopes being the target VP1 region for virus-neutralizing antibodies 10 and the high variability of the region E is the basis for molecular characterization and classification of different FCV strains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of feline calicivirus variants from multicat household and public animal shelter in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Pereira

Baumworcel

Fioretti

et al. 2018

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

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The aim of this study was to perform the molecular characterization of conserved and variable regions of feline calicivirus capsid genome in order to investigate the molecular diversity of variants in Brazilian cat population. Twenty-six conjunctival samples from cats living in five public short-term animal shelters and three multicat life-long households were analyzed. Fifteen cats had conjunctivitis, three had oral ulceration, eight had respiratory signs (cough, sneeze and nasal discharge) and nine were asymptomatic. Feline calicivirus were isolated in CRFK cells and characterized by reverse transcription PCR target to both conserved and variable regions of open reading frame 2. The amplicons obtained were sequenced. A phylogenetic analysis along with most of the prototypes available in GenBank database and an amino acid analysis were performed. Phylogenetic analysis based on both conserved and variable region revealed two clusters with an aLTR value of 1.00 and 0.98 respectively and the variants from this study belong to feline calicivirus genogroup I. No association between geographical distribution and/or clinical signs and clustering in phylogenetic tree was observed. The variants circulating in public short-term animal shelter demonstrated a high variability because of the relatively rapid turnover of carrier cats constantly introduced of multiple viruses into this location over time.

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The Capsid Gene of Feline Calicivirus Contains Linear B-Cell Epitopes in both Variable and Conserved Regions

Cited by 63 publications

References 49 publications

European molecular epidemiology and strain diversity of feline calicivirus

European molecular epidemiology and strain diversity of feline calicivirus

Conformational Changes in the Capsid of a Calicivirus upon Interaction with Its Functional Receptor

Molecular characterization of feline calicivirus variants from multicat household and public animal shelter in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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