The Cardiac Infarction Injury Score as a predictor for long-term mortality in survivors of a myocardial infarction

Domburg, Ron T. van; Klootwijk, Peter; Deckers, Jaap W.; Bergen, P. F. M. M. van; Jonker, J.J.C.; Simoons, Maarten L.

doi:10.1053/euhj.1998.1011

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…54 In addition, cadmium could induce cardiovascular disease through epigenetic and endocrine disruption mechanisms, involving aberrant DNA-methylation, histone modifications and changes in miRNA expression, 55 and activation of the estrogen receptor. 56–58 The associations between cadmium and cardiovascular endpoints observed in the Strong Heart Study are also consistent with reported cross-sectional associations of cadmium exposure with peripheral arterial disease, 12,13 myocardial infarction diagnosed by the Cardiac Infarction Injury Score (an electrocardiographic classification system to assess the extent of cardiac injury in post-myocardial infarction 59 ) 14 carotid atherosclerosis, 10,11 and self-reported coronary heart disease, stroke and heart failure 15,16 – further supporting a role for cadmium in cardiovascular disease development.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Cadmium Exposure and Incident Cardiovascular Disease

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Cadmium is a widespread toxic metal with potential cardiovascular effects, but no studies have evaluated cadmium and incident cardiovascular disease. We evaluated the association of urine cadmium concentration with cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality in a large population-based cohort. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study of 3,348 American Indian adults aged 45–74 years from Arizona, Oklahoma and North and South Dakota who participated in the Strong Heart Study in 1989–1991. Urine cadmium was measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Follow-up extended through 31 December 2008. Results The geometric mean cadmium level in the study population was 0.94 μg/g (95% confidence interval= 0.92 – 0.93). We identified 1,084 cardiovascular events, including 400 deaths. After adjustment for sociodemographic and cardiovascular risk factors, the hazard ratios (comparing the 80th to the 20th percentile of urine cadmium concentrations) was 1.43 for cardiovascular mortality (95% confidence interval=1.21 – 1.70), and 1.34 for coronary heart disease mortality (1.10 – 1.63). The corresponding hazard ratios for incident cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, stroke, and heart failure were 1.24 (1.11 – 1.38), 1.22 (1.08 – 1.38), 1.75 (1.17 – 2.59) and 1.39 (1.01 – 1.94), respectively. The associations were similar in most study subgroups including never-smokers. Conclusions Urine cadmium, a biomarker of long-term exposure, was associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and with increased incidence of cardiovascular disease. These findings support that cadmium exposure is a cardiovascular risk factor.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Cadmium Exposure and Incident Cardiovascular Disease

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…2–7 However, few studies have examined this association among individuals who are free of CVD or among populations with racial diversity. For example, 2 studies from the Netherlands have shown that CIIS is associated with CVD events (e.g., coronary heart disease and CVD mortality) among healthy men and women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have explored the ability of CIIS to identify individuals who are high-risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. 2–7 However, the prognostic significance of subclinical myocardial injury, as detected by CIIS, among individuals without apparent CVD in the general United States population has not been established. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the risk of mortality associated with subclinical myocardial injury using data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subclinical Myocardial Injury Identified by Cardiac Infarction/Injury Score and the Risk of Mortality in Men and Women Free of Cardiovascular Disease

O’Neal

Shah

Efird

et al. 2014

The American Journal of Cardiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Previous studies have explored the ability of the Cardiac Infarction/Injury Score (CIIS) to identify individuals who are high-risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. However, its prognostic significance among those without CVD in the United States general population has not been established. This analysis included 6,298 participants (mean age: 59 ± 13 years; 53% female; 51% non-whites) from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), excluding participants with a history of CVD or electrocardiographic evidence of old myocardial infarction or ischemic ST depression at baseline. Subclinical myocardial injury was defined as CIIS ≥10. Mortality data were ascertained using the National Death Index. Cox proportional-hazards regression was used to compute hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for association between subclinical myocardial injury with CVD and all-cause mortalities. Subclinical myocardial injury was detected in 1,376 (22%) participants. A total of 1,928 deaths occurred during a median of 14 years follow-up, of which 765 (40%) were due to CVD. In a multivariable model adjusted for demographics, traditional CVD risk factors, and other medical comorbidities, subclinical myocardial injury was associated with an increased risk of CVD (HR=1.26, 95%CI=1.02, 1.56) and all-cause (HR=1.42, 95%CI=1.23, 1.63) mortalities. In conclusion, subclinical myocardial injury in persons without manifestations of CVD is associated with an increased risk of CVD and all-cause mortalities. These findings highlight the important role of CIIS to identify subclinical myocardial injury and its association with mortality among men and women in the United States.

show abstract

“…Previously, van Domburg et al 24 reported the prognostic importance of the cardiac infarction injury score (CIIS) in 3395 postmyocardial infarction patients enrolled in the ASPECT trial 25 . The CIIS is an ECG scoring system, originally designed by Rautaharju 26 and constructed to increase the diagnostic yield of the ECG in patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Significance of T-Wave Amplitude in Lead aVR in Heart Failure Patients with Narrow QRS Complexes

Okuda¹,

Watanabe²,

Sano³

et al. 2011

Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

The Cardiac Infarction Injury Score as a predictor for long-term mortality in survivors of a myocardial infarction

Abstract: The CIIS ECG scoring system is an important predictor for long-term cardiac mortality in post myocardial infarction patients. It can easily be automated and is efficient for classifying cardiac injury in epidemiological studies.

Cited by 24 publications

References 10 publications

Cadmium Exposure and Incident Cardiovascular Disease

Cadmium Exposure and Incident Cardiovascular Disease

Subclinical Myocardial Injury Identified by Cardiac Infarction/Injury Score and the Risk of Mortality in Men and Women Free of Cardiovascular Disease

Prognostic Significance of T-Wave Amplitude in Lead aVR in Heart Failure Patients with Narrow QRS Complexes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About