The cardiac patient in Ramadan

Abstract

Ramadan is one of the five fundamental pillars of Islam. During this month, the majority of the 1.6 billion Muslims worldwide observe an absolute fast from dawn to sunset without any drink or food. Our review shows that the impact of fasting during Ramadan on patients with stable cardiac disease is minimal and does not lead to any increase in acute events. Most patients with the stable cardiac disease can fast safely. Most of the drug doses and their regimen are easily manageable during this month and may need not to be changed. Ramadan fasting is a healthy nonpharmacological means for improving cardiovascular risk factors. Most of the Muslims, who suffer from chronic diseases, insist on fasting Ramadan despite being exempted by religion. The Holy Quran specifically exempts the sick from fasting. This is particularly relevant if fasting worsens one's illness or delays recovery. Patients with unstable angina, recent myocardial infarction, uncontrolled hypertension, decompensated heart failure, recent cardiac intervention or cardiac surgery or any debilitating diseases should avoid fasting.

Increase in Ischemic Stroke Incident Hospitalizations Among Bedouin Arabs During Ramadan Month

“…A month of daily fasting from fajr (dawn), until the maghrib (dusk) is an obligatory practice during the holy month of Ramadan2 as well as refraining from sexual activity, smoking, and getting angry 3. Several physiological changes such as changes in circadian rhythm,4 serum lipid and glucose levels5 as well as renal function markers and hematocrit levels,6 have been reported among observant Muslims during Ramadan.…”

Reprising Ramadan-Related Angina Pectoris: A Potential Strategy for Risk Reduction

“…While such observance has been associated with improved scores on Framingham-based risk factors and is regarded as safe for patients with stable coronary heart disease [2,3], unstable angina [UA] is a contra-indication as the pathophysiological stress of extended fasting may exacerbation acute myocardial ischemia [4]. Compromised pre-load due to dehydration and increased myocardial oxygen demand during intense emotional excitement may exacerbate risk for acute cardiac events including sudden death [5,6].…”

Role of 24-hour Helpline Service in the Management of Diabetes During the Holy Month of Ramadan

“…Fasting (abstaining from food and drink from dawn to sunset) during the month of Ramadan is one of the five main pillars of Islam [4]. Most Muslims are passionate about fasting during this month, although sick people are exempted.…”