2023
DOI: 10.1080/14779072.2023.2264179
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The cardiovascular consequences of electronic cigarette smoking: a narrative review

Petros Fountoulakis,
Panagiotis Theofilis,
Sotiris Tsalamandris
et al.
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“…Additionally, nicotine’s effect on the sympathetic nervous system can activate the fight-or-flight response, increasing heart rate, blood vessel constriction, and blood pressure. 20 …”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Additionally, nicotine’s effect on the sympathetic nervous system can activate the fight-or-flight response, increasing heart rate, blood vessel constriction, and blood pressure. 20 …”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%