The Cardiovascular Responses to the Breathing of 100 Per Cent Oxygen at Normal Barometric Pressure

Whitehorn, William V.; Edelmann, Abraham; Hitchcock, F. A.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1946.146.1.61

Cited by 41 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…(6). This was subsequently confirmed by numerous other workers (7)(8)(9)(10). Alella and Meda, in 1948, reported that this effect on heart rate was not present in atropinized subjects (11).…”

supporting

confidence: 76%

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Effects of Oxygen Breathing on the Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, and Cardiac Index of Normal Men—resting, With Reactive Hyperemia, and After Atropine*

Daly¹,

Bondurant²

1962

J. Clin. Invest.

159

106

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supporting

confidence: 76%

“…At least three independent groups reported decreases in cardiac output in normal subjects breathing oxygen as estimated by ballistocardiograph-decreases averaging 8 to 10 per cent and largely due to decreased heart rate (5,8,20 (21).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Oxygen Breathing on the Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, and Cardiac Index of Normal Men—resting, With Reactive Hyperemia, and After Atropine*

Daly¹,

Bondurant²

1962

J. Clin. Invest.

159

106

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“…In four of these, blood pressure increased by 3-8 % and in the remainder it fell by a similar amount. The changes observed in this series are of the same order as those reported in adult man breathing 100 % oxygen at one atmosphere (Dautrebande & Haldane, 1921;Whitehorn, Edelmann & Hitchcock, 1946;Dripps & Comroe, 1947;Eggers, Paley, Leonard & Warren, 1962 Filled circles indicate steady-state points when the lamb breathed air and 3.5 % C02 in air; open circles, */PA CO2 when the lamb breathed 100 % oxygen and 3.5 % C02 in 02. The figures indicate P2,02 at these points and the arrows the change in 1V and PAXC2 from ambient to high PI,02 at the two levels of inspired C02.…”

Section: Normal Values and Controlssupporting

confidence: 67%

Respiratory and circulatory effects of breathing 100% oxygen in the new‐born lamb before and after denervation of the carotid chemoreceptors*

Purves¹

1966

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. Methods are described for measuring tidal volume and frequency, end-tidal C02, blood pressure and heart rate, and arterial gas tensions in the unanaesthetized new-born lamb.2. The resting values of minute ventilation (J)/kg body wt. and arterial oxygen and carbon dioxide tension, (P.,°s ) and (P., co,) were similar to those which have been reported in the new-born baby. There was a direct and significant relation between Paw 0, and Pa, cO, and the age of the lamb.3. Thirty-five unanaesthetized lambs aged 40 min to 10 days breathed 100% oxygen; minute ventilation fell by an average of 19% of control, end-tidal C02 increased and the ratio of change in tidal volume (AVT) to change in pressure (AP) (AVTIAP) remained constant. In a proportion of lambs, a small decrease in blood pressure and heart rate was observed. The effect of breathing 100 % 02 on lung compliance was variable.4. These changes in ventilation were virtually abolished after both sinus nerves had been cut.5. The results therefore suggest that a significant hypoxic drive to ventilation exists in the new-born lamb and that this drive is mediated by functioning and mature peripheral chemoreceptors.6. Preliminary evidence suggested that, on 100 % 02, the sensitivity of new-born lambs to inhaled C02 was reduced.

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“…Such a decrease could be due to: 1) a reduction in the volume of blood flow through the pulmonary vascular bed, 2) a diminution of pulmonary vascular resistance, or 3) a fall of the left atrial and pulmonary venous pressure. A decrease in cardiac output during oxygen breathing in man has been noted by several investigators using the ballistocardiograph (12)(13)(14). This decrease has been estimated to be from 10%o to 20%o and is reflected initially by a decrease in pulse rate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…This decrease has been estimated to be from 10%o to 20%o and is reflected initially by a decrease in pulse rate. It has been reported that during the first five minutes of oxygen breathing, approximately 94%o of the decrease in cardiac output is reflected in a decrease of pulse rate and the remainder is reflected by a decrease of stroke output (12). Although there is some question regarding the validity of absolute values for cardiac output as determined by the ballistocardiograph, it seems likely that the changes in output observed during oxygen breathing by this method are valid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Breathing 100% Oxygen on the Pulmonary Arterial Pressure in Patients With Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Mitral Stenosis 1

Dressler¹,

Slonim²,

Balchum³

et al. 1952

J. Clin. Invest.

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The breathing of anoxic mixtures causes an increase in the pulmonary arterial pressure of animals (1-4) and man (5-7). This effect has been attributed to a local action of the anoxic mixture on the blood vessel walls resulting in a constriction of the pulmonary arterioles and pre-capillaries and an increase in pulmonary arterial pressure. Vagotomy and stellate ganglionectomy do not change the vascular response to the breathing of anoxic mixtures in the cat (1).The effect of breathing 100% oxygen on the pulmonary arterial pressure has been investigated in animals (1,3,4,8) but not adequately in man. Euler and Liljestrand (1) found that pure oxygen caused a fall in the pulmonary arterial pressure of cats which did not appear to these investigators to be the result of decreased blood flow, but rather to a dilatation of the pulmonary vasculature. The response to oxygen was not affected by vagotomy and stellate ganglionectomy. Ergotamine, yohimbine, and atropine (9) did not alter the decrease of pulmonary arterial pressure which resulted from oxygen breathing. This paper reports observations on the effect of breathing 100% oxygen on the pulmonary arterial pressure of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and mitral stenosis. METHODSTwo groups of patients were studied. One group consisted of 21 individuals with pulmonary tuberculosis who were studied 27 times. These were all patients with 1Aided by a grant from the Life Insurance MedicalResearch Fund. 2Medical Director of the National Jewish Hospital at Denver.S Public Health Service Postdoctorate Research Fellow of the National Heart Institute.4Fellow of the National Research Council.moderately and far advanced pulmonary tuberculosis (NTA criteria) whose disease was chiefly unilateral. The second group consisted of 17 individuals with rheumatic heart disease manifested by mitral stenosis who were studied 25 times. The morning of the catheterization, the patients received .09 gram of nembutal orally and arrived at the laboratory one hour later in the fasting state. Pulmonary artery catheterization was performed in the usual fashion. A blood sample was taken from the brachial artery for determination of the control oxygen saturation, and pressure-pulse records of the pulmonary arterial pressure were made. When the control pressure level had been established the patient was given 100% oxygen' by BLB mask for a period of four minutes. In 12 instances pulmonary arterial pressure tracings were made continuously during and for ten to 12 minutes after oxygen administration, but in the majority a record was made only when oxygen had been given for three minutes. A sample of brachial arterial blood was withdrawn at the fourth minute of oxygen administration for determination of oxygen saturation.Arterial blood samples were analyzed for oxygen content and capacity by the method of Van Slyke and Neill (10), and more recently by the Scholander-Roughton syringe method (11). The pulmonary arterial pressure was recorded with a Hathaway Blood Pressure Control Unit and Oscillograph ...

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The Cardiovascular Responses to the Breathing of 100 Per Cent Oxygen at Normal Barometric Pressure

Cited by 41 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of Oxygen Breathing on the Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, and Cardiac Index of Normal Men—resting, With Reactive Hyperemia, and After Atropine*

Effects of Oxygen Breathing on the Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, and Cardiac Index of Normal Men—resting, With Reactive Hyperemia, and After Atropine*

Respiratory and circulatory effects of breathing 100% oxygen in the new‐born lamb before and after denervation of the carotid chemoreceptors*

The Effect of Breathing 100% Oxygen on the Pulmonary Arterial Pressure in Patients With Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Mitral Stenosis 1

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