The cascade of HIV care in Oman, 2015–2018: A population-based study from the Middle East

Elgalib, Ali; Shah, Samir; Al-Habsi, Zeyana; Al-Fouri, Maha; Lau, Richard; Al-Kindi, Hanan; Al-Rawahi, Bader; Al-Abri, Seif

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2019.09.017

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As of the end of 2018, a total of 3,025 cases of HIV had been reported, of which 1,532 (50.6%) were still living. 15 Most cases occurred among men (68%) and individuals aged 25-44 years old (59%); the greatest risk factor was reportedly heterosexual relations (66%). 15 In terms of treatment, 84.3% of people living with HIV received antiretroviral therapy, with 87.5% virally suppressed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…15 Most cases occurred among men (68%) and individuals aged 25-44 years old (59%); the greatest risk factor was reportedly heterosexual relations (66%). 15 In terms of treatment, 84.3% of people living with HIV received antiretroviral therapy, with 87.5% virally suppressed. 15 Nevertheless, despite the low prevalence of HIV and the availability of treatment, there is still social stigma towards people living with HIV in Oman.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…15 In terms of treatment, 84.3% of people living with HIV received antiretroviral therapy, with 87.5% virally suppressed. 15 Nevertheless, despite the low prevalence of HIV and the availability of treatment, there is still social stigma towards people living with HIV in Oman. In a study of 193 people living with HIV in Oman, 70% were unwilling to disclose their HIV status to their friends and family, while 61% were uncomfortable at the prospect of doing so.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Related to HIV Stigma and Discrimination Among Healthcare Workers in Oman

Shah

Elgalib

Wahaibi

et al. 2020

Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: Stigma and discrimination undermine the quality of life of people with HIV and their access to health services. This study aimed to assess HIV-related knowledge, attitudes and practices among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Oman. Methods: This cross-sectional study took place between July and November 2016. A questionnaire was distributed to 1,400 government HCWs to determine HIV-related knowledge, attitudes and practices. Results: A total of 1,281 HCWs participated (response rate = 92%). Routine tasks, such as dressing wounds, drawing blood and touching clothes, were a cause of concern for 24–52% of HCWs. Only 69% correctly answered questions regarding the transmission of HIV via eating/drinking and mosquito bites. Compared to other HCWs, doctors had significantly higher knowledge (mean = 0.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.19 to 0.73; P <0.001), attitude (mean = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.31 to 1.24; P = 0.001) and practice (mean = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.59 to 2.55; P <0.001) scores. Expatriates also scored significantly higher in knowledge (mean = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.93 to 1.23; P <0.001), attitude (mean = 1.23, 95% CI: 0.98 to 1.48; P <0.001) and practice (mean = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.82 to 1.34; P <0.001) compared to Omani nationals. Finally, those with >15 years’ work experience scored significantly higher on knowledge (mean = −0.60, 95% CI: −1.12 to −0.08; P = 0.025) and attitude (mean = −0.99, 95% CI: −1.87 to −0.10; P = 0.029) compared to those with less experience. Conclusion: The high rate of HIV-related stigma among HCWs in Oman should be rectified in order to achieve the 90-90-90 target set by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS.Keywords: HIV; Social Stigma; Social Discrimination; Knowledge; Attitude; Professional Practice; Healthcare Providers; Oman.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Related to HIV Stigma and Discrimination Among Healthcare Workers in Oman

Shah

Elgalib

Wahaibi

et al. 2020

Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Future epidemiological studies to determine the characteristics of undiagnosed PLWHA in Oman and inform targeted interventions, such as home HIV testing and community-based programs for key populations are warranted. We observed a remarkable decline in overall all-cause mortality over time due to the improvement in HIV care after diagnosis [27,31].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

The Epidemiology of HIV in Oman, 1984–2018: A Nationwide Study from the Middle East

Elgalib

Shah

Wahaibi

et al. 2020

JEGH

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We used population-based data on all diagnosed people living with Human Immunodeficiency (HIV) reported to the National AIDS Programme in 1984–2018 to describe the HIV epidemiology in Oman. A total of 3060 Omanis were diagnosed with HIV from 1984 to 2018. The proportions of new infections attributed to sexual contact accounted for 56.3% (376/668) in 1984–1996 compared with 80.7% (630/780) in 2013–2018. Of 1417 patients with a documented CD4 count at the entry of care, 45.3% had a baseline CD4 count of <200 cells/mm 3 . Compared with heterosexuals, homosexuals had higher rates of advanced HIV disease [42.7% (388/908) vs 50.4% (136/270), respectively]. Rates of advanced disease and death within a year of HIV diagnosis rose consistently with age at diagnosis. Approximately half (48.8%) of the patients diagnosed in 1984–2018 had died by December 2018. The majority (85.6%; 572/668) of people who were diagnosed in 1984–1997 had died compared with 12.7% (99/780) of those diagnosed in 2013–2018. However, people died more recently had a higher proportion of death within a year of HIV diagnosis [74.7% (74/99) in 2013–2018 compared with 13.8% (79/572) in 1984–1996]. This study shows that the HIV epidemic in Oman is a low-prevalence one. Of concern, a large proportion of new HIV diagnoses continued to present late, which has resulted in a substantial increase in short-term mortality over the past 20 years. Nevertheless, we observed a remarkable decline in overall mortality over time, which may be explained by the improvement in the quality of HIV care in Oman.

show abstract

“…The proportions of patients (n = 1129) with viral suppression (<1,000 copies/mL) out of the estimated people living with HIV, the diagnosed persons and those on ART were 37.3%, 73.7%, and 87.5%, respectively. 22 To sustain this progress and further close the gap towards the Joint United Nations Programmes on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) 90% VL suppression target and beyond, it is paramount to determine the factors associated with virologic failure in Oman’s context to inform future targeted interventions. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to assess the rate of virologic failure and its correlates among Omani people living with HIV who had been on ART for ≥6 months using a central national HIV surveillance database.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of virologic failure among people living with HIV in Oman: a national study from the Middle East

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We conducted a cross-sectional analysis to determine HIV virologic failure and its associated factors among Omani people living with HIV who are on ART for > 6 months. Patients (n = 1427) were identified from a central national HIV surveillance dataset. Two-thirds (67%) of patients were male, and the median age was 39 years (IQR, 32-48 years). Out of 1427 patients, 14.4% had virologic failure (HIV viral load [VL] ≥ 200 copies/ml). The multivariate analysis showed that patients aged 25-49 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.01-3.08) were significantly more likely to fail treatment, compared to those aged ≥ 50 years. Besides, having “Other” HIV risk factor (compared to heterosexuals, aOR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.02-3.24) and receiving HIV care outside the capital Muscat (compared to those cared for in Muscat, aOR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.11-2.7) were independently associated with virologic failure. HIV viral suppression (85.6%) in Oman is encouraging; however, further strategies, mainly targeting patients who are young (<50 years), those not disclosing their HIV risk factor and those attending HIV treatment centres outside Muscat, are required to enhance HIV treatment outcome in Oman.

show abstract

The cascade of HIV care in Oman, 2015–2018: A population-based study from the Middle East

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Related to HIV Stigma and Discrimination Among Healthcare Workers in Oman

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Related to HIV Stigma and Discrimination Among Healthcare Workers in Oman

The Epidemiology of HIV in Oman, 1984–2018: A Nationwide Study from the Middle East

Predictors of virologic failure among people living with HIV in Oman: a national study from the Middle East

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About