The catalytic efficiency of lipase in a novel water-in-[Bmim][PF6] microemulsion stabilized by both AOT and Triton X-100

Xue, Luyan; Liu, Ying; Zou, Feixue; Lu, Lu; Zhao, Yin; Huang, Xirong; Qu, Yinbo

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.12.019

Cited by 39 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…These ILs as environmentally friendly chemicals are famous mainly because their vapor pressure is negligible compared to many inorganic and organic materials . Due to their unique properties, ILs are currently being used in a diverse range of applications, including ecology, chemical engineering, the medical field, food industry, textiles, and electrochemistry …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in HepG2 cells induced by the imidazole ionic liquid 1‐dodecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride

Wang

Wan

Huo

et al. 2020

Environmental Toxicology

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This study purposes to assess the cytotoxicity of 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([C 12 min]Cl) in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. To this end, HepG2 cells were exposed to a range concentration of [C 12 min]Cl and evaluated cell viability, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, apoptosis, cell cycle, and apoptosis-related gene expression to determine cytotoxicity. The outcomes showed that [C 12 min]Cl curbed HepG2 cell growth and reduced cell viability in a concentration-and time-dependent manner.Moreover, our assay results also revealed that exposure to [C 12 min]Cl prompted DNA damage and apoptosis, reduced SOD and GSH content, enhanced MDA level, and changed the cell cycle of HepG2 cells. In addition, [C 12 min] Cl caused alters in the expression levels of p53, Bax, and Bcl-2, indicating that p53 and Bcl-2 family may be involved in the cytotoxicity and apoptosis of HepG2 cells induced by [C 12 min]C1. In summary, these results indicate that [C 12 min]Cl exerts genotoxicity, physiological toxicity and prompts apoptosis in HepG2 cells, and is not an alleged green solvent. K E Y W O R D S apoptosis, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, ionic liquids, oxidative stress 1 | INTRODUCTION Ionic liquids (ILs) are low melting organic salts at room temperature and are considered a green substitute for industrial volatile organic compounds. 1-3 They are composed of various cations and anions, for example, imidazolium, pyridinium, bromide (Br − ), and chloride (Cl − ). 4 Last several years, ILs have drawn wide attention owing to their unique excellent physical and chemical properties, such as low vapor pressure and nonvolatility, 5,6 good thermal and chemical stability, 7,8and relatively high viscosity. 9 These ILs as environmentally friendly chemicals are famous mainly because their vapor pressure is negligible compared to many inorganic and organic materials. 5,10 Due to their unique properties, ILs are currently being used in a diverse range of applications, including ecology, 11,12 chemical engineering, 13 the medical field, 14 food industry, 15 textiles, 16 and electrochemistry. 17 However, many studies have shown that ILs may be released into aquatic environments via effluent discharges and accidental spills and cause damage to aquatic organisms. 18,19 For example, IL toxicity has been evaluated in microalgae, 20 fish, 21,22 and in Daphnia magna. 23 In addition, several previous studies also showed that ILs are cytotoxic to many classes of cells, such as the human HeLa cell line, 24 and PC12 cells. 25 In contrast, limited information is available on the toxic mechanism of ILs, which is important in risk evaluation.The human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line was derived from a hepatoblastoma at first and retains the structural and functional polarity that hepatocytes exhibit in vivo. 26 It plays a key role in the activation/detoxification of genotoxic procarcinogens and reflects the metabolism of such compounds in vivo better than experimental models with metabolically incompetent cells and exog...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in HepG2 cells induced by the imidazole ionic liquid 1‐dodecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride

Wang

Wan

Huo

et al. 2020

Environmental Toxicology

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“…On the contrary, p ‐NP esters with the long‐chain carboxylic group, such as p ‐nitrophenyl palmitate ( p ‐NPP), were typically used for the detection of the lipase activity . Sometimes, p ‐NPA and p ‐NPB were also used for the detection of the lipase activity . During our recent work on the purification of lipases from Aspergillus oryzae Cs007 by ammonium sulfate precipitation, we observed that ammonium sulfate could efficiently catalyze the hydrolysis of p ‐NPA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of ammonium salts on the lipase/esterase activity assay using p‐nitrophenyl esters as substrates

Yan

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2013

Biotech and App Biochem

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p-Nitrophenyl esters with a short-chain carboxylic group, such as p-nitrophenyl acetate (p-NPA) and p-nitrophenyl butyrate (p-NPB), could be effectively hydrolyzed by ammonium salts. p-Nitrophenyl esters were usually used as substrates to assay the lipase/esterase activity. Ammonium sulfate precipitation was often used to purify proteins, and some ammonium salts were usually used as nitrogen sources or inorganic salts for the lipase/esterase production. To study the effect of ammonium salts on the assay of the lipase/esterase activity, the contributing factors of hydrolysis of p-NPA/p-NPB catalyzed by ammonium salts were investigated. The lipase activities were compared in the presence and absence of ammonium sulfate. The hydrolysis reaction could be catalyzed under neutral and alkaline circumstances. The hydrolysis rate increased with the increase in the reaction temperature or the concentration of ammonium ion. When p-NPA was employed as the substrate for the analysis of the lipase/esterase activity, the effect of ammonium sulfate on the analysis could be neutralized by setting a control when the concentration of ammonium sulfate was less than 40% saturation. However, when the concentration of ammonium sulfate increased from 40% to 100% saturation, the enzyme activities decreased about 13-40%, which could not be ignored for accurate analysis of the enzyme activity.

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“…Water‐in‐ionic liquid microemulsions (w/IL) are isotropic, thermodynamically stable and optically transparent dispersed systems. They are composed of molecular hydrophobic ionic liquid, water, surfactant and/or cosurfactant with the size of a dispersed phase in the nanoscale range . With the aid of the surfactants, water can be dispersed in the hydrophobic ionic liquid, forming a water pool.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are composed of molecular hydrophobic ionic liquid, water, surfactant and/or cosurfactant with the size of a dispersed phase in the nanoscale range. 26,27 With the aid of the surfactants, water can be dispersed in the hydrophobic ionic liquid, forming a water pool. This microemulsion system has many advantages such as large interfacial area, enhanced solubility of substrates (hydrophobic as well as hydrophilic), and monodispersion of enzymes at a molecular level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of spherical cross-linked lipase aggregates with improved activity, stability and reusability characteristic in water-in-ionic liquid microemulsion

Cui

Lin

Feng

et al. 2017

J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol

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BACKGROUND Cross‐linking enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) seem to be a promising immobilization method due to mild processing conditions and short preparation time. However, the CLEAs prepared in aqueous solution exhibit amorphous large clusters that cause significant mass‐transfer limitations, leading to low catalytic efficiency. In this work, novel spherical CLEAs of lipase from bovine pancreas (spherical CLEAs) were prepared within droplets dispersed in a water‐in‐hydrophobic ionic liquid microemulsion rather than a conventional aqueous solution. The properties of the spherical CLEAs were determined. RESULTS The resultant CLEAs exhibited spherical structure with good monodispersity instead of the amorphous clusters of conventional CLEAs, and showed higher activity recovery (84.6%) than that of conventional CLEAs (52.8%). The high activity recovery of spherical CLEAs could be attributed to both interfacial activation of the microemulsion system and the well‐defined structure of the spherical CLEAs, which not only activated lipases in an active form, but also decreased mass‐transfer limitations. Moreover, the thermostability, storage stability, tolerance against hydrophilic solvents, and mechanical stability of the spherical CLEAs were enhanced significantly. The spherical CLEAs evidenced excellent reusability in comparison with conventional CLEAs. CONCLUSIONS The novel strategy in this study might open an attractive way towards effectively improving the catalytic properties of traditional CLEAs. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry

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The catalytic efficiency of lipase in a novel water-in-[Bmim][PF6] microemulsion stabilized by both AOT and Triton X-100

Cited by 39 publications

References 34 publications

Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in HepG2 cells induced by the imidazole ionic liquid 1‐dodecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride

Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in HepG2 cells induced by the imidazole ionic liquid 1‐dodecyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride

Influence of ammonium salts on the lipase/esterase activity assay using p‐nitrophenyl esters as substrates

Preparation of spherical cross-linked lipase aggregates with improved activity, stability and reusability characteristic in water-in-ionic liquid microemulsion

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