The causal pathway effects of a physical activity intervention on adiposity in children: The KISS Study cluster randomized clinical trial

Lima, Rodrigo Antunes; Andersen, Lars Bo; Soares, Fernanda Cunha; Kriemler, Susi

doi:10.1111/sms.13741

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…Physical fitness components can be improved via regular physical activity practice and exercise training, 27 mainly by moderate to vigorous intensities 28,29 . Also, intervention protocols demonstrate that decreased adiposity can be achieved by improving physical activity practice and aerobic capacity 30‐32 . Based on this knowledge, children and adolescents should accomplish the guidelines of 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity per day, whereas activities that improve muscular fitness should be engaged in at least three times per week 33 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical fitness attenuates the genetic predisposition to obesity in children and adolescents

Todendi

Brand

Silveira

et al. 2020

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Obesity is an important risk factor associated with non‐communicable cardiometabolic diseases. Previous studies have indicated that children and adolescents with a predisposed genetic risk for obesity could benefit from an active lifestyle, but there are no studies investigating whether physical fitness moderates the association of genetics and obesity. The aim of this study was to verify the moderating role of physical fitness in the relationship between genetic risk score (GRS) and body mass index (BMI) in children and adolescents. This cross‐sectional study was carried out with 1471 children and adolescents, aged between 6 and 17 years from Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil. Weight and height were assessed to determine BMI. Physical fitness components (cardiorespiratory fitness [CRF], lower limb strength [LLS], upper limb strength, and abdominal strength) were evaluated. The GRS was based on previously associated obesity single‐nucleotide polymorphism rs9939609 (FTO), rs6548238 (TMEM18), and rs16835198 (FNDC5). Moderation analyses were tested using linear regression models, and the interactions were represented by physical fitness components X GRS (categorical variable). All analyses were adjusted for skin color/ethnicity, sex, and sexual maturation. Significant interactions for CRF (P = 0.041), LLS (P = 0.041), and abdominal strength (P = 0.046) X 5 and 6 risk alleles with BMI were found only in adolescents. In addition, there was evidence that fitness components attenuated the high genetic predisposition to high BMI. Physical fitness components are moderators in the relationship between GRS and BMI in adolescents. These findings highlight the need for interventions targeting to improve this aspect, which is an important health indicator in all ages.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical fitness attenuates the genetic predisposition to obesity in children and adolescents

Todendi

Brand

Silveira

et al. 2020

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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“…in children and adolescents [6][7][8]. Metabolic health might mediate the impact of increased physical activity, health-related fitness and motor competence in relation to weight status [9]. Moreover, metabolic health might also be a result of improved weight status because of changes in physical activity, health-related fitness and motor competence levels [10].…”

Section: Metabolic Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expansion of Stodden et al.’s Model

2022

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Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years old

Spiga,

Davies,

Tomlinson

et al. 2024

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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Background Prevention of obesity in children is an international public health priority given the prevalence of the condition (and its significant impact on health, development and well‐being). Interventions that aim to prevent obesity involve behavioural change strategies that promote healthy eating or 'activity' levels (physical activity, sedentary behaviour and/or sleep) or both, and work by reducing energy intake and/or increasing energy expenditure, respectively. There is uncertainty over which approaches are more effective and numerous new studies have been published over the last five years, since the previous version of this Cochrane review. Objectives To assess the effects of interventions that aim to prevent obesity in children by modifying dietary intake or ‘activity’ levels, or a combination of both, on changes in BMI, zBMI score and serious adverse events. Search methods We used standard, extensive Cochrane search methods. The latest search date was February 2023. Selection criteria Randomised controlled trials in children (mean age 5 years and above but less than 12 years), comparing diet or 'activity' interventions (or both) to prevent obesity with no intervention, usual care, or with another eligible intervention, in any setting. Studies had to measure outcomes at a minimum of 12 weeks post baseline. We excluded interventions designed primarily to improve sporting performance. Data collection and analysis We used standard Cochrane methods. Our outcomes were body mass index (BMI), zBMI score and serious adverse events, assessed at short‐ (12 weeks to < 9 months from baseline), medium‐ (9 months to < 15 months) and long‐term (≥ 15 months) follow‐up. We used GRADE to assess the certainty of the evidence for each outcome. Main results This review includes 172 studies (189,707 participants); 149 studies (160,267 participants) were included in meta‐analyses. One hundred forty‐six studies were based in high‐income countries. The main setting for intervention delivery was schools (111 studies), followed by the community (15 studies), the home (eight studies) and a clinical setting (seven studies); one intervention was conducted by telehealth and 31 studies were conducted in more than one setting. Eighty‐six interventions were implemented for less than nine months; the shortest was conducted over one visit and the longest over four years. Non‐industry funding was declared by 132 studies; 24 studies were funded in part or wholly by industry. Dietary interventions versus control Dietary interventions, compared with control, may have little to no effect on BMI at short‐term follow‐up (mean difference (MD) 0, 95% confidence interval (CI) ‐0.10 to 0.10; 5 studies, 2107 participants; low‐certainty evidence) and at medium‐term follow‐up (MD ‐0.01, 95% CI ‐0.15 to 0.12; 9 studies, 6815 participants; low‐cer...

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The causal pathway effects of a physical activity intervention on adiposity in children: The KISS Study cluster randomized clinical trial

Cited by 7 publications

References 38 publications

Physical fitness attenuates the genetic predisposition to obesity in children and adolescents

Physical fitness attenuates the genetic predisposition to obesity in children and adolescents

Expansion of Stodden et al.’s Model

Interventions to prevent obesity in children aged 5 to 11 years old

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