The causal relationship between urbanization and economic growth in US: Fresh evidence from the Toda–Yamamoto approach

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the causal relationships between urbanization and economic growth for United State during the period 1960-2017. We utilize the time series technique known as Toda-Yamamoto method, which efficiently works even with the variables co-integrated of an arbitrary order. Empirical findings suggest a unidirectional Granger causality running from urbanization to economic growth, and no Granger causality detected from economic growth to urbanization for the long run. The findings prove that urbanization is nominated as a main driving force of economic growth.

Produktivitas Penggunaan Lahan Perkotaan di Pulau Jawa

“…Urbanisasi menjadi fenomena global pada berbagai wilayah, perubahan pemanfaatan penggunaan lahan menjadi konsekuensi atas interaksi yang terjadi antara penduduk, aktivitas sosial dan lingkungan (Andisheh & Pejman, 2019;Ramdhani, 2013). Konsekuensi tersebut merupakan implikasi dari segala aktivitas kegiatan yang dilakukan manusia dalam rangka pemenuhan hidup yang bersumber dari sumberdaya alam maupun buatan (Malingreau & Christiani, 1981).…”

Mediating Effect and Suppressing Effect: Intermediate Mechanism of Urban Land Use Efficiency and Economic Development

“…Economic development has been a hot issue of academic interest, with research focusing on the mechanisms of its interaction with other variables. There are many factors that influence economic development, including urban renewal, urbanization, industrial structure, and population density [24][25][26][27]. However, relatively few studies have examined economic development from the perspective of land use efficiency.…”