Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an infectious disease caused by the types 1 and 2 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1 and HIV-2). Clinical outcomes in patients are highly varied and delineated by complex interactions between virus, host, and environment, such as with help of co-receptors, for example, the C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5). This work aimed to describe the scientific evidence relating the influence of
CCR5
polymorphisms in association studies for HIV-1 disease susceptibility, severity, and transmissibility. This is a systematic review of the literature on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the deletion [Insertion and Deletion (Indel)] Î32 of
CCR5
. The search for articles was based on the ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) databases for the period between 2001 and 2021. The final sample consisted of 32 articles.
Correction:
This article has been updated on December 22, 2022 after first online publication of November 9, 2022 to clarify two sentences in the Abstract:
â
This phrase formerly read: âThe SNP rs1799987 is the genetic polymorphism most associated with HIV-1 susceptibility and severity criteria,â.
âĄ
This sentence formerly read: âFurthermore, the results about the Indel Î32 corroborate the non-association of this variant with the protective role in HIV-1 infection.â
SNP rs1799987 is one of the genetic polymorphisms most associated with the criteria of susceptibility and severity of HIV-1, having distinct consequences in genotypic, allelic, and clinical analysis in the variability of investigated populations. As for the transmission character of the disease, the G mutant allele of rs1799987 corresponds to the highest positive association.
Correction:
This article has been updated on December 22, 2022 after first online publication of November 9, 2022 to clarify two sentences in the Abstract:
â
This phrase formerly read: âThe SNP rs1799987 is the genetic polymorphism most associated with HIV-1 susceptibility and severity criteria,â.
âĄ
This sentence formerly read: âFurthermore, the results about the Indel Î32 corroborate the non-association of this variant with the protective role in HIV-1 infection.â
Furthermore, the results on Indel Î32 corroborate the absence and rarity of this variant in some populations. Finally, mitigating the severity of cases, SNPs rs1799988 and rs1800023 obtained significant attribution in individuals in the studied populations. It is shown that the reported polymorphisms express significant influences for the evaluation of diagnostic, therapeutic, and prophylactic measures for HIV-1 having fundamental particularities in the molecular, genetic, and transcriptional aspects of
CCR5
.