The Cenomanian-Turonian (late Cretaceous) anoxic event in SW England : evidence from Hooken Cliffs near Beer, SE Devon

Jarvis, Ian; Carson, G.A.; Hart, Malcolm B.; Leary, Paul; Tocher, Bruce A.

doi:10.1127/nos/18/1988/147

Cited by 52 publications

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“…The isotope correlation between England and North America can be tested using last and first appearance datum levels (LAD, FAD) and floods of key fossil taxa in the reference sections. The relative positions of ammonite, inoceramid bivalve and planktonic foraminifera datum levels in the sections are consistent with the isotope correlation (Jarvis et al 1988b;Gale et al 1993Gale et al , 2005Paul et al 1999;Keller et al 2001Keller et al , 2004. fig.…”

Section: A11 Cenomanian/turonian Boundary Eventsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…Peaks are developed in similar positions on a lower resolution carbon-isotope profile (dark grey curve) obtained from organic matter (δ 13 C org ) isolated from the sediments (Gale et al 2005), although peak maxima appear to be offset slightly below those of δ 13 C carb . The succession at Dover (Jarvis et al 1988b) can be correlated at a bed scale to Eastbourne, and a detailed δ 13 C carb profile (Lamolda, Gorostidi & Paul, 1994) shows strong similarities to the Eastbourne curve. The three carbon-isotope maxima defined in England can be correlated with the GSSP at Pueblo.…”

Section: A11 Cenomanian/turonian Boundary Eventmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Detailed studies of the Cenomanian/Turonian Boundary Event and the associated stable-isotope and biostratigraphy in England have been undertaken at Dover (Jarvis et al 1988b;Lamolda, Gorostidi & Paul, 1994) and Eastbourne (Leary & Peryt, 1991;Gale et al 1993Gale et al , 2005Paul et al 1999;Keller et al 2001;Tsikos et al 2004), and isotope curves have also been published for Speeton (Mitchell, Paul & Gale, 1996) and Culver (Jarvis, Murphy & Gale, 2001). The Eastbourne Gun Gardens section in West Sussex (Figs 1, 5) is the most expanded boundary section in chalk facies in NW Europe (Paul et al 1999), and is increasingly being used as an international reference for biostratigraphic and chemostratigraphic studies (Amédro, Accarie & Robaszynski, 2005;Erbacher et al 2005;Kolonic et al 2005;Kuhnt et al 2005).…”

Section: A11 Cenomanian/turonian Boundary Eventmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Secular variation in Late Cretaceous carbon isotopes: a new δ¹³C carbonate reference curve for the Cenomanian–Campanian (99.6–70.6 Ma)

et al. 2006

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-Carbon stable-isotope variation through the Cenomanian-Santonian stages is characterized using data for 1769 bulk pelagic carbonate samples collected from seven Chalk successions in England. The sections show consistent stratigraphic trends and δ 13 C values that provide a basis for highresolution correlation. Positive and negative δ 13 C excursions and inflection points on the isotope profiles are used to define 72 isotope events. Key markers are provided by positive δ 13 C excursions of up to + 2 ‰: the Albian/Cenomanian Boundary Event; Mid-Cenomanian Event I; the Cenomanian/Turonian Boundary Event; the Bridgewick, Hitch Wood and Navigation events of Late Turonian age; and the Santonian/Campanian Boundary Event. Isotope events are isochronous within a framework provided by macrofossil datum levels and bentonite horizons. An age-calibrated composite δ 13 C reference curve and an isotope event stratigraphy are constructed using data from the English Chalk. The isotope stratigraphy is applied to successions in Germany, France, Spain and Italy. Correlation with pelagic sections at Gubbio, central Italy, demonstrates general agreement between biostratigraphic and chemostratigraphic criteria in the Cenomanian-Turonian stages, confirming established relationships between Tethyan planktonic foraminiferal and Boreal macrofossil biozonations. Correlation of the Coniacian-Santonian stages is less clear cut: magnetostratigraphic evidence for placing the base of Chron 33r near the base of the Upper Santonian is in good agreement with the carbon-isotope correlation, but generates significant anomalies regarding the placement of the Santonian and Campanian stage boundaries with respect to Tethyan planktonic foraminiferal and nannofossil zones. Isotope stratigraphy offers a more reliable criterion for detailed correlation of Cenomanian-Santonian strata than biostratigraphy. With the addition of Campanian δ 13 C data from one of the English sections, a composite Cenomanian-Campanian age-calibrated reference curve is presented that can be utilized in future chemostratigraphic studies.The Cenomanian-Campanian carbon-isotope curve is remarkably similar in shape to supposedly eustatic sea-level curves: increasing δ 13 C values accompanying sea-level rise associated with transgression, and falling δ 13 C values characterizing sea-level fall and regression. The correlation between carbon isotopes and sea-level is explained by variations in epicontinental sea area affecting organic-matter burial fluxes: increasing shallow sea-floor area and increased accommodation space accompanying sea-level rise allowed more efficient burial of marine organic matter, with the preferential removal of 12 C from the marine carbon reservoir. During sea-level fall, reduced seafloor area, marine erosion of previously deposited sediments, and exposure of basin margins led to reduced organiccarbon burial fluxes and oxidation of previously deposited organic matter, causing falling δ 13 C values. Additionally, drowning of carbonate platforms during...

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Section: A11 Cenomanian/turonian Boundary Eventsupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: A11 Cenomanian/turonian Boundary Eventmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A11 Cenomanian/turonian Boundary Eventmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Secular variation in Late Cretaceous carbon isotopes: a new δ¹³C carbonate reference curve for the Cenomanian–Campanian (99.6–70.6 Ma)

et al. 2006

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“…The sandy nature of the section, with well-developed hardgrounds is consistent with the marginal, relatively shallow-water setting for C/T deposition in Maine. Similarly impoverished assemblages have been described (Jarvis et al, 1988b) from coeval sands and limestones developed adjacent to the Cornubian Massif, exposed at Hooken Cliffs in SE Devon, England. Looking at the cyst assemblages as a whole (particularly abundance and diversity patterns) it is possible to see other similarities between the distributions recorded here and those described from Devon (Jarvis et al, 1988b) and Dover (Jarvis et al, 1988a). This is particularly true of assemblages from St-Sylvestre-de-Cormeilles and Dover where the uppermost Cenomanian is characterized by relatively high numbers of 0. operculata and 0. costata, and the Lower Turonian is typified by very low abundance, low diversity assemblages dominated by long-ranging taxa, particularly C. distinctum, H. bowerbankii, 0. operculata and 0. complex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Dinocyst distributions and stratigraphy of two Cenomanian–Turonian boundary (Upper Cretaceous) sections from the western Anglo-Paris Basin

Tocher

Jarvis

1995

J. Micropalaeontol.

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Abstract. The dinoflagellate cyst distributions and stratigraphies of two representative Cenomanian/Turonian (C/T) boundary sections from the Maine and Normandy regions of northern France are described. Siliciclastic-rich sediments which characterize the Upper Cenomanian in Maine, contrast with the coeval nodular chalk and hardground lithofacies of Normandy. Both areas display a transition to marly chalks in the Lower Turonian. Dinocyst assemblages are characterized by low diversities (38 taxa) and low overall abundances, and relatively few stratigraphically significant species. The continued occurrence of Epelidosphaeridia spinosa (Cookson & Hughes) Davey in the Upper Cenomanian of Maine is noted. Results are compared and contrasted with those from coeval sections elsewhere in the Anglo-Paris Basin. A major decline in cyst abundance and diversity is typical of the C/T boundary interval, which is characterized by a dominance of tolerant cosmopolitan forms such as Circulodinium distinctum (Deflandre & Cookson) Jansonius, Hystrichosphaeridium bowerbankii Davey & Williams, Oligosphaeridium complex (White) Davey & Williams, Odontochitina costata Alberti; emend. Clarke & Verdier and O. operculata (O. Wetzel) Deflandre & Cookson.

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“…The Cenomanian–Turonian boundary (CTB) interval ( ca 94 Ma) is characterized by a large global positive excursion of δ 13 C spanning ca 500 kyr that occurs in marine carbonates (values reaching >5‰ δ 13 C carb ), and both marine and terrestrial organic matter (Schlanger et al ., , ; Arthur et al ., ; Jarvis et al ., ,b, , ; Jenkyns et al ., ; Hasegawa, ; Takashima et al ., ; Uramoto et al ., ; Joo & Sageman, ). This phenomenon is an expression of Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE2; Schlanger & Jenkyns, ), one of the best developed and geographically most extensive of the Mesozoic OAEs (Jenkyns, ), which represents an episode of widespread ‘black shale’ deposition and a major change in the dynamics of the global carbon cycle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercontinental correlation of organic carbon and carbonate stable isotope records: evidence of climate and sea‐level change during the Turonian (Cretaceous)

Jarvis

Trabucho‐Alexandre

Gröcke

et al. 2015

The Depositional Record

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Carbon (d 13 C org , d 13 C carb ) and oxygen (d 18 O carb ) isotope records are presented for an expanded Upper Cretaceous (Turonian-Coniacian) hemipelagic succession cored in the central Bohemian Cretaceous Basin, Czech Republic. Geophysical logs, biostratigraphy and stable carbon isotope chemostratigraphy provide a high-resolution stratigraphic framework. The d 13 C carb and d 13 C org profiles are compared, and the time series correlated with published coeval marine and non-marine isotope records from Europe, North America and Japan. All previously named Turonian carbon isotope events are identified and correlated at high-resolution between multiple sections, in different facies, basins and continents. The viability of using both carbonate and organic matter carbon isotope chemostratigraphy for improved stratigraphic resolution, for placing stage boundaries, and for intercontinental correlation is demonstrated, but anchoring the time series using biostratigraphic data is essential. An Early to Middle Turonian thermal maximum followed by a synchronous episode of stepped cooling throughout Europe during the Middle to Late Turonian is evidenced by bulk carbonate and brachiopod shell d18 O carb data, and regional changes in the distribution and composition of macrofaunal assemblages. The Late Turonian Cool Phase in Europe was coincident with a period of long-term sea-level fall, with significant water-mass reorganization occurring during the mid-Late Turonian maximum lowstand. Falling D 13 C (d 13 C carb -d 13 C org ) trends coincident with two major cooling pulses, point to pCO 2 drawdown accompanying cooling, but the use of paired carbon isotopes as a high-resolution pCO 2 proxy is compromised in the low-carbonate sediments of the Bohemian Basin study section by diagenetic overprinting of the d 13 C carb record. Carbon isotope chemostratigraphy is confirmed as a powerful tool for testing and refining intercontinental and marine to terrestrial correlations.

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The Cenomanian-Turonian (late Cretaceous) anoxic event in SW England : evidence from Hooken Cliffs near Beer, SE Devon

Cited by 52 publications

References 0 publications

Secular variation in Late Cretaceous carbon isotopes: a new δ¹³C carbonate reference curve for the Cenomanian–Campanian (99.6–70.6 Ma)

Secular variation in Late Cretaceous carbon isotopes: a new δ¹³C carbonate reference curve for the Cenomanian–Campanian (99.6–70.6 Ma)

Dinocyst distributions and stratigraphy of two Cenomanian–Turonian boundary (Upper Cretaceous) sections from the western Anglo-Paris Basin

Intercontinental correlation of organic carbon and carbonate stable isotope records: evidence of climate and sea‐level change during the Turonian (Cretaceous)

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The Cenomanian-Turonian (late Cretaceous) anoxic event in SW England : evidence from Hooken Cliffs near Beer, SE Devon

Cited by 52 publications

References 0 publications

Secular variation in Late Cretaceous carbon isotopes: a new δ13C carbonate reference curve for the Cenomanian–Campanian (99.6–70.6 Ma)

Secular variation in Late Cretaceous carbon isotopes: a new δ13C carbonate reference curve for the Cenomanian–Campanian (99.6–70.6 Ma)

Dinocyst distributions and stratigraphy of two Cenomanian–Turonian boundary (Upper Cretaceous) sections from the western Anglo-Paris Basin

Intercontinental correlation of organic carbon and carbonate stable isotope records: evidence of climate and sea‐level change during the Turonian (Cretaceous)

Contact Info

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Resources

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Secular variation in Late Cretaceous carbon isotopes: a new δ¹³C carbonate reference curve for the Cenomanian–Campanian (99.6–70.6 Ma)

Secular variation in Late Cretaceous carbon isotopes: a new δ¹³C carbonate reference curve for the Cenomanian–Campanian (99.6–70.6 Ma)