“…The existing consensus is that visible QCD axions, i.e., those with decay constants at or below the weak scale, have long been excluded by laboratory searches [11,12], such as beam dump experiments, rare meson decays, and nuclear de-excitations. 1 This has motivated the formulation of invisible axion models [17][18][19][20], which, combined with further astrophysical bounds from stellar evolution, CMB and BBN, redirected experimental efforts to extremely weakly coupled axions (f a 10 9 GeV) [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32], which are ultra-light (m a 10 −3 eV), and could be non-thermal dark matter [33][34][35].…”