The Challenge of Coexistence: Changes in Activity Budget and Ranging Behaviour of Brown Howler Monkeys in Response to the Presence of Conspecifics and Heterospecifics

Sobral, Gisela; Fuzessy, Lisieux Franco; Oliveira, Cláudio Alvarenga de

doi:10.1007/s10764-023-00359-6

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…While we did not show evidence to support the POLS hypothesis between individuals of the same species, we show significant differences in behavioural phenotypes among coexisting species. Because species inhabiting the same ecological niche must engage in increased competition for resources, we further postulate that competition can regulate the expression of alternative behavioural phenotypes (Morris and Palmer, 2023; Sobral et al, 2023). Because personality may be a driving mechanism for environmental processes such as the distribution of seeds through fecal droppings (Réale et al, 2010; Morris and Palmer, 2023; Boone et al, 2022; Brehm and Mortelliti, 2022), we suggest that further evaluation into trade-offs in personality, population dynamics and changes in environmental structure will be valuable future research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploratory and risk-taking behaviours in coexisting rodents

Hughes,

Bowman,

Schulte-Hostedde

2024

Preprint

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There has been an increasing interest in modelling the influence of animal personality on species interactions within ecosystems. Animal personality traits associated with dispersal, movement within a home range and risk-taking, including docility and exploration, have been shown to influence an array of environmental variables including seed dispersal and habitat availability. Despite growing interest however, little information is available to model the effects of differences in personality phenotypes among coexisting species. Since coexisting or sympatric species often compete for resources, differences in movement patterns can help mitigate the impact of intra- and interspecific competition. We used two standardized behavioural tests with three species of coexisting rodents in Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario, Canada to measure exploration and docility personality phenotypes. To evaluate personalities, we modelled plastic changes in behaviours within species and phenotypic variation in behavioural strategies among species. We show empirical evidence to support differences in personality phenotypes in coexisting species and consider the importance of alternative personality strategies in shaping community dynamics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploratory and risk-taking behaviours in coexisting rodents

Hughes,

Bowman,

Schulte-Hostedde

2024

Preprint

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Route Planning Process by the Endangered Black Lion Tamarin in Different Environmental Contexts

Bufalo,

Kaisin,

de Almeida e Silva

et al. 2024

American J Primatol

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Daily, primates take a variety of decisions to establish why, when, and where to move. However, little is known about the factors influencing and shaping primate daily routes. We investigated the decision‐making processes linked to route planning in four groups of black lion tamarins (BLT—Leontopithecus chrysopygus). We studied these endangered platyrrhines within four distinct environmental contexts across their natural distribution (i.e., a continuous forest, a 500‐ha forest fragment, a 100‐ha forest fragment, and a riparian forest). We used the Change Point Test to identify the points of significant direction change (CPs), which can be considered travel goals along BLT daily trajectories and are key components of travel planning. Considering the high importance of fruits and gum in BLT's diet, we predicted that feeding trees would be the main factor shaping their paths (feeding CPs‐FCPs). Also, given previous evidence that platyrrhines use landmarks (i.e., characteristic features from the terrain) as nodes in route network systems (i.e., points of intersection connecting habitual route segments), we expected part of CPs to be located close to the intersection points and to be associated with “locomotion” behavior (LCPs). Analyzing 61 daily paths in four forest fragments, our results showed that BLTs planned routes to reach feeding trees, which primarily determined path orientation. As hypothesized, locomotion was the most frequent behavior observed in CPs, but only in the continuous and riparian forests, with LCPs located as close to intersections as FCPs. Interestingly, these two areas presented the most extreme values (i.e., higher and lower values, respectively) in terms of used area, richness of resources and distances traveled between fruit‐feeding trees. Our results suggest that BLTs plan daily routes conditional on the environmental context to reach travel goals, likely to maximize route efficiency to reach out of sight feeding trees.

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