A survey of 134 jail administrators in 39 states revealed that 13.1% of all jail inmates had serious mental illnesses. Perceptions about the effectiveness of 12 broad interventions to respond to these inmates were solicited, and administrators generally reported that mental health units in jails, jail-based case managers, and providing training to jail officers about mental illness were very effective strategies. Programs that diverted inmates with mental illness from jails or mental health courts, however, were perceived to be less effective. Although jails have established strategies to manage these special-needs inmates, such programs are temporary remedies until integrated community-based and jail-linked programs for persons with mental illness are established, appropriately funded, and supported by local and state governments