The Challenge of Congenital Heart Disease Worldwide: Epidemiologic and Demographic Facts

Epidemiology of adult congenital heart disease: demographic variations worldwide

“…In Asia relatively more right-sided and less left-sided lesions have been reported [3]. These findings confirm the results of Jacobs et al who, in a Hong Kong population, found that white children had more left ventricular obstructive lesions, whereas Chinese children had more right ventricular outflow tract lesions [6].…”

“…However, this does not take into consideration regional differences. Bernier et al described a large regional variety in birth prevalence [3]. The authors report an incidence of CHD varying between 1.2 and 17 per 1000.…”

Stress and distress in parents of neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit for cardiac surgery

“…This is despite reports that the birth prevalence of congenital heart disease (CHD) worldwide is now eight in every 1000 live births, with up to 50% of such children requiring surgery [27,28]. Studies have tended to focus on more general levels of parental stress within this population [29].…”

Rare DNA copy number variants in cardiovascular malformations with extracardiac abnormalities

“…[4][5][6] The birth prevalence for severe CVMs in other studies is reported to be B1.5 cases per 1000 live births. 7,8 Despite a wealth of information on the developmental pathways that operate during normal cardiogenesis, only a limited number of genes have been identified in which disease-causing mutations are associated with CVMs. Chromosomal abnormalities including trisomy 18, trisomy 13, Turner syndrome, Down syndrome and DiGeorge syndrome account for B10% of all cases of CVMs, 9 whereas another 3-5% of cases are caused by single gene disorders including CHARGE syndrome, Noonan syndrome and Holt-Oram syndrome.…”