The challenge of improving the efficiency of drinking water treatment systems in rural areas facing changes in the raw water quality

García-Ávila, Fernando; Avilés-Añazco, Alex; Sánchez-Cordero, Esteban; Valdiviezo-Gonzáles, Lorgio; Ordoñez, María D. Tonon

doi:10.1016/j.sajce.2021.05.010

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In this study, the best observed association of turbidity with the other water quality parameters at the monitoring stations was with color (rs > 0.826, Table 3). The authors of [47] reported similar results between these two water quality parameters. There are studies that reported other parameters as possible indicators of water quality in water supply systems.…”

Section: Water Quality Indicatorssupporting

confidence: 53%

ARIMA and TFARIMA Analysis of the Main Water Quality Parameters in the Initial Components of a Megacity’s Drinking Water Supply System

Zafra-Mejía,

Rondón-Quintana,

Urazán-Bonells

2024

Hydrology

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The objective of this paper is to use autoregressive, integrated, and moving average (ARIMA) and transfer function ARIMA (TFARIMA) models to analyze the behavior of the main water quality parameters in the initial components of a drinking water supply system (DWSS) of a megacity (Bogota, Colombia). The DWSS considered in this study consisted of the following components: a river, a reservoir, and a drinking water treatment plant (WTP). Water quality information was collected daily and over a period of 8 years. A comparative analysis was made between the components of the DWSS based on the structure of the ARIMA and TFARIMA models developed. The results show that the best water quality indicators are the following: turbidity > color > total iron. Increasing the time window of the ARIMA analysis (daily/weekly/monthly) suggests an increase in the magnitude of the AR term for each DWSS component (WTP > river > reservoir). This trend suggests that the turbidity behavior in the WTP is more influenced by past observations compared to the turbidity behavior in the river and reservoir, respectively. Smoothing of the data series (moving average) as the time window of the ARIMA analysis increases leads to a greater sensitivity of the model for outlier detection. TFARIMA models suggest that there is no significant influence of past river turbidity events on turbidity in the reservoir, and of reservoir turbidity on turbidity at the WTP outlet. Turbidity outlier events between the river and reservoir occur mainly in a single observation (additive outliers), and between the reservoir and WTP also have a permanent effect over time (level shift outliers). The AR term of the models is useful for studying the transfer of effects between DWSS components, and the MA term is useful for studying the influence of external factors on water quality in each DWSS component.

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Section: Water Quality Indicatorssupporting

confidence: 53%

ARIMA and TFARIMA Analysis of the Main Water Quality Parameters in the Initial Components of a Megacity’s Drinking Water Supply System

Zafra-Mejía,

Rondón-Quintana,

Urazán-Bonells

2024

Hydrology

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“…This was not the case in the DWPF situated NW-E. Furthermore, in Bayas, Ecuador [ 30 ] and Kafr El-Shinawy, Egypt [ 31 ], phosphate and nitrate levels are always lower in treated water. The latter studies focussed on the water quality of raw and treated water.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of antibiotic resistance genes and antibiotic residues in drinking water production facilities: Links to bacterial community

Tsholo,

Molale-Tom,

Horn

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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There is a rapid spread of antibiotic resistance in the environment. However, the impact of antibiotic resistance in drinking water is relatively underexplored. Thus, this study aimed to quantify antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic residues in two drinking water production facilities (NW-E and NW-C) in North West Province, South Africa and link these parameters to bacterial communities. Physicochemical and ARG levels were determined using standard procedures. Residues (antibiotics and fluconazole) and ARGs were quantified using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) chemical analysis and real-time PCR, respectively. Bacterial community compositions were determined by high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing. Data were analysed using redundancy analysis and pairwise correlation. Although some physicochemical levels were higher in treated than in raw water, drinking water in NW-E and NW-C was safe for human consumption using the South African Water Quality Guideline (SAWQG). ARGs were detected in raw and treated water. In NW-E, the concentrations of ARGs (sul1, intl1, EBC, FOX, ACC and DHA) were higher in treated water than in raw water. Regarding antimicrobial agents, antibiotic and fluconazole concentrations were higher in raw than in treated water. However, in NW-C, trimethoprim concentrations were higher in raw than in treated water. Redundancy analysis showed that bacterial communities were not significantly correlated (Monte Carlo simulations, p-value >0.05) with environmental factors. However, pairwise correlation showed significant differences (p-value <0.05) for Armatimonas, CL500-29 marine group, Clade III, Dickeya and Zymomonas genera with environmental factors. The presence of ARGs and antibiotic residues in the current study indicated that antibiotic resistance is not only a clinical phenomenon but also in environmental settings, particularly in drinking water niches. Consumption of NW-E and NW-C treated water may facilitate the spread of antibiotic resistance among consumers. Thus, regulating and monitoring ARGs and antibiotic residues in drinking water production facilities should be regarded as paramount.

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“…The consumption of such contaminated water can cause diseases, such as diarrhea, cholera, dysentery, typhoid, and polio [5]. Therefore, it is necessary to develop appropriate water treatment technologies that are characterized by low chemical addition as well as simple installation, operation, management, and maintenance, to ensure a steady supply of safe drinking water in such rural regions [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-Dimensional Biofilm Electrode Reactors with a Triple-Layer Particle Electrode for Highly Efficient Treatment of Micro-Polluted Water Sources

Wang

Yang

Chen

et al. 2023

Water

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Micro-polluted water, which is widespread in rural areas, poses a serious health risk. To address this issue, we propose a three-dimensional biofilm electrode reactor with triple-layer particle electrodes (TL-BERs) for the decentralized and small-scale treatment of micro-polluted water. The first and second layers of the electrode, granular activated carbon (GAC) and biological ceramsite (BC), respectively, are responsible for electric field oxidation and microbial degradation, respectively, while the third, quartz sand (QS), is responsible for further improving turbidity and pollutant removal. Our tests indicated that the TL-BER-treated effluent met the drinking water quality standards of China. At 10 V, the average turbidity, CODMn, NH4+-N, and UV254 removal rates of the TL-BERs system were 97.66%, 61.11%, 91.67%, and 72.94%, respectively. Furthermore, the intensities of the main fluorescence peaks, A, B, C, and D, of the raw water sample, decreased by 36.67%, 66.22%, 67.08%, and 69.76%, respectively, after treatment, indicating that tryptophan-like proteins, fulvic acid, and humic acid were also effectively removed. High-throughput sequencing analysis showed the enrichment of microorganisms, such as Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, and Actinobacteriota, which play important roles in the removal of various pollutants. Therefore, the application of this strategy will enable the practical treatment of micro-polluted water.

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The challenge of improving the efficiency of drinking water treatment systems in rural areas facing changes in the raw water quality

Cited by 16 publications

References 25 publications

ARIMA and TFARIMA Analysis of the Main Water Quality Parameters in the Initial Components of a Megacity’s Drinking Water Supply System

ARIMA and TFARIMA Analysis of the Main Water Quality Parameters in the Initial Components of a Megacity’s Drinking Water Supply System

Distribution of antibiotic resistance genes and antibiotic residues in drinking water production facilities: Links to bacterial community

Three-Dimensional Biofilm Electrode Reactors with a Triple-Layer Particle Electrode for Highly Efficient Treatment of Micro-Polluted Water Sources

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