The challenge of measuring long-term positive aftereffects

Maus, Gerrit W.; Chaney, Wesley; Liberman, Alina; Whitney, David

doi:10.1016/j.cub.2013.03.024

Cited by 26 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Several studies have reported short-lived adaptation, persisting no more than a few seconds (Kanai and Verstraten, 2005;Pastukhov and Braun, 2013;Patterson et al, 2013;Pavan et al, 2012). However, recent studies found that initial attraction biases are replaced by long-term repulsive biases that extend many trials into the past (Gekas et al, 2019;Gordon et al, 2019;Suárez-Pinilla et al, 2018), potentially lasting for minutes (Chopin and Mamassian, 2012; but see Maus et al, 2013). Our current findings are in line with these latter reports of long-term repulsive adaptation.…”

Section: Distinct Timescales Of Attractive and Repulsive Serial Depensupporting

confidence: 91%

“…However, in the current study, we show that the temporal pattern of history biases is more complex, consisting of a superposition of concurrent attractive and repulsive biases, which cannot be explained by an observer model based on Bayesian decoding of visual information alone. Importantly, this not only shows that a Bayesian observer model is inadequate to explain the full pattern of history dependencies in perceptual estimates, but the inability of the Bayesian observer to capture both short-term attraction and long-term repulsion biases also indicates that the long-term repulsion biases are not an artifact resulting from short-term attraction biases in combination with random input fluctuations (Maus et al, 2013). Rather, the spatial specificity (Experiment 2) and the presence in immediate perceptual comparisons to a reference stimulus (Experiment 4) suggest a low-level sensory origin of the long-term repulsive bias, akin to sensory adaptation (Gibson and Radner, 1937).…”

Section: Repulsive and Attractive Biases Can Be Explained By Efficienmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Thus, an observer that exploits the temporal stability of the environment via Bayes-optimal decoding alone cannot explain the pattern of attractive and repulsive biases. Furthermore, the inability of the Bayesian ideal observer to capture both attraction and repulsion biases provides evidence that the long-term repulsion biases are not an artifact resulting from short-term attraction biases and random fluctuations in the input sequence (Maus et al, 2013).…”

Section: Repulsive and Attractive Biases Can Be Explained By Efficienmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Bayesian and efficient observer model explains concurrent attractive and repulsive history biases in visual perception

Fritsche

Spaak

Lange

2020

Preprint

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Perceptual decisions can be repelled away from (repulsive adaptation) or attracted towards recent visual experience (attractive serial dependence). It is currently unclear whether and how these repulsive and attractive biases interact during visual processing and what computational principles may underlie these history dependencies. In the current study, we disentangle repulsive and attractive biases by exploring the respective timescales over which current visual processing is influenced by previous experience. Across four experiments, we find that perceptual decisions about stimulus orientation are concurrently attracted towards the short-term perceptual history and repelled from stimuli experienced up to minutes into the past. We show that the temporal pattern of short-term attraction and long-term repulsion cannot be captured by an ideal Bayesian observer model alone. Instead, it is well captured by an ideal observer model with efficient encoding and Bayesian decoding of visual information in a slowly changing environment. Concurrent attractive and repulsive history biases in perceptual decisions may thus be the consequence of the need for visual processing to simultaneously satisfy constraints of both efficiency and stability.

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Section: Distinct Timescales Of Attractive and Repulsive Serial Depensupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Repulsive and Attractive Biases Can Be Explained By Efficienmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Repulsive and Attractive Biases Can Be Explained By Efficienmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Bayesian and efficient observer model explains concurrent attractive and repulsive history biases in visual perception

Fritsche

Spaak

Lange

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…More generally, it is important to be cautious about interpreting negative and positive aftereffects. Positive and negative serial dependencies can simultaneously contribute to perceptual outcomes Fritsche et al, 2017;Maus, Chaney, Liberman, & Whitney, 2013;, and finding one does not rule out the presence of the other in this study or in any other (see Bliss, Sun, & D'Esposito, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Serial dependence promotes the stability of perceived emotional expression depending on face similarity

Liberman

Manassi

Whitney

2018

Atten Percept Psychophys

Self Cite

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Individuals can quickly and effortlessly recognize facial expressions, which is critical for social perception and emotion regulation. This sensitivity to even slight facial changes could result in unstable percepts of an individual's expression over time. The visual system must therefore balance accuracy with maintaining perceptual stability. However, previous research has focused on our sensitivity to changing expressions, and the mechanism behind expression stability remains an open question. Recent results demonstrate that perception of facial identity is systematically biased toward recently seen visual input. This positive perceptual pull, or serial dependence, may help stabilize perceived expression. To test this, observers judged random facial expression morphs ranging from happy to sad to angry. We found a pull in perceived expression toward previously seen expressions, but only when the 1-back and current face had similar identities. Our results are consistent with the existence of the continuity field for expression, a specialized mechanism that promotes the stability of emotion perception, which could help facilitate social interactions and emotion regulation.

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“…These effects have now been demonstrated for a wide range of stimuli (Mesik et al, 2013, Vul et al, 2008). Distinct components of adaptation have also been inferred from non-monotonic effects of continuous adaptation over days (Haak et al, 2014) or even over minutes (Chopin and Mamassian, 2012), though the latter has also been accounted for by a single adjustment (Maus et al, 2013). …”

Section: Timescalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visual Adaptation

Webster

2015

Annu. Rev. Vis. Sci.

318

291

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Sensory systems continuously mold themselves to the widely varying contexts in which they must operate. Studies of these adaptations have played a long and central role in vision science. In part this is because the specific adaptations remain a powerful tool for dissecting vision, by exposing the mechanisms that are adapting. That is, “if it adapts, it's there.” Many insights about vision have come from using adaptation in this way, as a method. A second important trend has been the realization that the processes of adaptation are themselves essential to how vision works, and thus are likely to operate at all levels. That is, “if it's there, it adapts.” This has focused interest on the mechanisms of adaptation as the target rather than the probe. Together both approaches have led to an emerging insight of adaptation as a fundamental and ubiquitous coding strategy impacting all aspects of how we see.

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The challenge of measuring long-term positive aftereffects

Cited by 26 publications

References 5 publications

A Bayesian and efficient observer model explains concurrent attractive and repulsive history biases in visual perception

A Bayesian and efficient observer model explains concurrent attractive and repulsive history biases in visual perception

Serial dependence promotes the stability of perceived emotional expression depending on face similarity

Visual Adaptation

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